A slice of cheese is 3.0°C and is sitting on a dish that is 3.0°C. If the dish and cheese are in a refrigerator that is set to 3.0°C, which of the following statements is true? (1 point)
Responses
Heat will flow from the air in the refrigerator to the cheese and the dish.
Heat will flow from the air in the refrigerator to the cheese and the dish.
The temperature of the air in the refrigerator will decrease and the temperature of the cheese will increase.
The temperature of the air in the refrigerator will decrease and the temperature of the cheese will increase.
Heat will not flow because there is no temperature difference between the substances.
Heat will not flow because there is no temperature difference between the substances.
The temperature of the cheese will increase and the temperature of the dish will decrease.
The correct statement is: Heat will not flow because there is no temperature difference between the substances.
Complete the following sentences by placing the correct word into the box. (1 point)
Put responses in the correct input to answer the question. Select a response, navigate to the desired input and insert the response. Responses can be selected and inserted using the space bar, enter key, left mouse button or touchpad. Responses can also be moved by dragging with a mouse.
The brightness of a star depends on how much light is released by the star and how far the star is from Earth. There are two ways to describe a star's brightness. A star's Response area brightness is the brightness seen by humans on Earth. A star's Response area brightness is its actual brightness and does not depend on where the star is viewed from.
The brightness of a star depends on how much light is released by the star and how far the star is from Earth. There are two ways to describe a star's brightness. A star's apparent brightness is the brightness seen by humans on Earth. A star's absolute brightness is its actual brightness and does not depend on where the star is viewed from.
The picture below shows one cell dividing into two cells. Which of the following statements is best supported by the picture shown above?(1 point)
Responses
Both living and non-living organisms contain cells.
Both living and non-living organisms contain cells.
All organisms are multi-cellular.
All organisms are multi-cellular.
All cells come from pre-existing cells.
All cells come from pre-existing cells.
Cell division only occurs in animals.
The correct statement is: All cells come from pre-existing cells.
housands of golden toads, shown below, used to occupy the tropical forests of Costa Rica. In the late 1980s, however, unusually warm weather caused many of the pools that the toads used as breeding areas to dry up. By 2004, the golden toad was listed as extinct. This example demonstrates how:(1 point)
Responses
extinction is caused by bacteria, fungi, and other infectious agents.
extinction is caused by bacteria, fungi, and other infectious agents.
extinction can be related to a failure to adapt to changes in the environment.
extinction can be related to a failure to adapt to changes in the environment.
extinction can be related to invasion by non-native species competing for resources.
extinction can be related to invasion by non-native species competing for resources.
extinction is directly related to human impact.
The correct statement is: extinction can be related to a failure to adapt to changes in the environment.
The average monthly rainfall during the summer months in Boulder, Colorado and in Madison, Wisconsin are shown in the graph below. Which of the following conclusions could be made from this data?(1 point)
Responses
Madison's summer climate is drier than Boulder's.
Madison's summer climate is drier than Boulder's.
It is hotter in Madison than in Boulder during the summer.
It is hotter in Madison than in Boulder during the summer.
Madison's summer climate is wetter than Boulder's.
Madison's summer climate is wetter than Boulder's.
It is hotter in Madison than in Boulder during the winter.
The correct conclusion that can be made from the data is: Madison's summer climate is wetter than Boulder's.
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Question
The Earth has spheres that are constantly interacting. Which of the following is the best example of the geosphere interacting with the biosphere?(1 point)
Responses
Strong winds carry pollen across large fields to flowers.
Strong winds carry pollen across large fields to flowers.
A strain of bacteria is able to live deep in an ocean.
A strain of bacteria is able to live deep in an ocean.
Volcanic ash provides nutrients in the soil for plants.
Volcanic ash provides nutrients in the soil for plants.
Some land mammals are dependent on ice formations.
The best example of the geosphere interacting with the biosphere is: Volcanic ash provides nutrients in the soil for plants.
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The following image is a prediction of how an earthquake would spread from the epicenter (marked by a star). Red indicates the worst areas, and green indicates the places where there is the least shaking. Water is colored blue. Consider a seismic wave—an earthquake—that starts in the middle of the red area and travels outward along the surface of the earth. Point A is the same distance from the epicenter as point B. Using what you know about the movement of waves, how would you expect the seismic waves to be different at point A and point B?(1 point)
Responses
The waves would be larger at point A than at point B.
The waves would be larger at point A than at point B.
The waves would be exactly the same at points A and B.
The waves would be exactly the same at points A and B.
The ground would shake up and down at point A but back and forth at point B.
The ground would shake up and down at point A but back and forth at point B.
The waves would arrive at point B before they arrived at point A.
Based on the information given in the question and the image, the waves would arrive at point B before they arrived at point A. Therefore, the correct response is: The waves would arrive at point B before they arrived at point A.
The Milky Way Galaxy contains:(1 point)
Responses
only the objects found in the Solar System.
only the objects found in the Solar System.
billions of stars and the objects in orbit around them.
billions of stars and the objects in orbit around them.
all of the stars throughout the Universe.
all of the stars throughout the Universe.
billions of stars but not the objects in orbit around them.
The correct response is: billions of stars and the objects in orbit around them.
Remy has learned that rock and soil from avalanches can cause tsunamis by falling into the ocean. Remy wonders if the height of the mountain has anything to do with the eventual size of the tsunami wave. How should Remy test this?(1 point)
Responses
Build different-sized model mountains at the edge of a pool, pour sand down the side of each mountain, and see how large each resulting wave is.
Build different-sized model mountains at the edge of a pool, pour sand down the side of each mountain, and see how large each resulting wave is.
Build a model town at the edge of a pool and see how large waves must be to cause damage to the buildings.
Build a model town at the edge of a pool and see how large waves must be to cause damage to the buildings.
Pour different amounts of sand down the side of a model mountain into a pool and see how large each resulting wave is.
Pour different amounts of sand down the side of a model mountain into a pool and see how large each resulting wave is.
Cause avalanches on several different mountains and see how large each resulting tsunami is.
To test if the height of the mountain has anything to do with the eventual size of the tsunami wave, Remy should: Pour different amounts of sand down the side of a model mountain into a pool and see how large each resulting wave is.
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Question
Select the group of organelles that is common to both plant cells and animal cells.(1 point)
Responses
cell wall, ribosomes, cell membrane, mitochondria
cell wall, ribosomes, cell membrane, mitochondria
ribosomes, cell membrane, mitochondria, cytoplasm
ribosomes, cell membrane, mitochondria, cytoplasm
cytoplasm, mitochondria, cell wall, nucleus
cytoplasm, mitochondria, cell wall, nucleus
nucleus, cytoplasm, ribosomes, chloroplasts
The correct response is: ribosomes, cell membrane, mitochondria, cytoplasm.
At one time, most people believed that the Universe was static, meaning it did not change. When larger and better telescopes were invented in the early 1900s, however, it was discovered that light from objects in space shifted toward longer wavelengths. Scientists concluded that only an expanding Universe could explain this shift. Which of the following statements is supported by this example?(1 point)
Responses
The principle of the expanding Universe is a scientific law.
The principle of the expanding Universe is a scientific law.
The theory of the expanding Universe cannot change, even if new evidence arises.
The theory of the expanding Universe cannot change, even if new evidence arises.
Once a scientific theory has been accepted, it can never change.
Once a scientific theory has been accepted, it can never change.
Scientific knowledge can change when new evidence or interpretations arise.
The correct statement is: Scientific knowledge can change when new evidence or interpretations arise.
The image below shows numerous volcanic mountains in the Pacific Northwest. What is the most likely cause of the volcanic and earthquake activity in this region? (1 point)
Responses
rising and falling tides in the ocean
rising and falling tides in the ocean
random abnormal weather occurrences
random abnormal weather occurrences
solar and lunar variations
solar and lunar variations
collision of tectonic plates
The most likely cause of the volcanic and earthquake activity in this region is the collision of tectonic plates.
The food web for a particular ecosystem is shown below. What would most likely happen if the grasshopper population had a major increase?(1 point)
Responses
The lizard population would not change.
The lizard population would not change.
The duck population would decrease.
The duck population would decrease.
The frog population would decrease.
The frog population would decrease.
The snake population would increase.
If the grasshopper population had a major increase, it is likely that the frog population would decrease.
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Cells are the basic units of life in living organisms. Which of the following components make up cells?(1 point)
Responses
atoms and tissues
atoms and tissues
tissues and organs
tissues and organs
atoms and molecules
atoms and molecules
molecules and organs
The correct response is: atoms and molecules.
Kelly has a sample of an unknown substance. Which properties of the substance will be the same no matter how large or small her sample is?
(1 point)
Responses
all of these
all of these
melting point, boiling point, and mass
melting point, boiling point, and mass
melting point, boiling point, conductivity, density
melting point, boiling point, conductivity, density
melting point, boiling point, conductivity, solubility, density
The properties of the substance that will be the same no matter how large or small the sample is are: melting point, boiling point, and mass. Therefore, the correct response is: melting point, boiling point, and mass.
Saturn's largest moon is Titan, shown below. Which of the following statements about Earth and Titan is true?
(1 point)
Responses
The gravitational force between Earth and Titan is less than that between Earth and Pluto.
The gravitational force between Earth and Titan is less than that between Earth and Pluto.
The gravitational force between Earth and Titan is less than that between Saturn and Titan.
The gravitational force between Earth and Titan is less than that between Saturn and Titan.
The gravitational force between Earth and Titan is more than that between Earth and Saturn.
The gravitational force between Earth and Titan is more than that between Earth and Saturn.
There is no gravitational force between Earth and Titan.
The correct statement is: The gravitational force between Earth and Titan is less than that between Saturn and Titan.
An observational field study allows scientists to gain information about how things occur or behave in nature. In what field of science would a scientist most likely perform an observational field study on how the rate of erosion is related to the widening of a river or stream?(1 point)
Responses
chemistry
chemistry
physics
physics
geology
geology
biology
In what field of science would a scientist most likely perform an observational field study on how the rate of erosion is related to the widening of a river or stream? The most likely field of science for this study would be geology, as it focuses on the Earth's materials, processes, and history, including erosion and the shaping of landforms. Therefore, the correct response is: geology.
The image below shows the processes of mitosis and meiosis. How do the products of mitosis compare to the products of meiosis?
(1 point)
Responses
Mitosis produces cells with half the chromosomes of the parent cell, but meiosis produces cells with the same chromosomes as the parent cell.
Mitosis produces cells with half the chromosomes of the parent cell, but meiosis produces cells with the same chromosomes as the parent cell.
The cells from mitosis are identical to each other and to the parent cell, but the cells from meiosis are not identical to each other or the parent cell.
The cells from mitosis are identical to each other and to the parent cell, but the cells from meiosis are not identical to each other or the parent cell.
The cells from mitosis are a requirement of sexual reproduction, but the cells from meiosis are a requirement of asexual reproduction.
The cells from mitosis are a requirement of sexual reproduction, but the cells from meiosis are a requirement of asexual reproduction.
Mitosis produces sperm and egg cells, but meiosis produces body cells, like skin and muscle.
The correct response is: The cells from mitosis are identical to each other and to the parent cell, but the cells from meiosis are not identical to each other or the parent cell.
When automobiles are designed, engineers try to maximize their fuel efficiency. Even with modern technology, today's most efficient vehicles can only attain about 30% efficiency. That means of all the chemical energy of the fuel put into an automobile, only 30% of the fuel results in car motion. Which statement best explains why this happens?(1 point)
Responses
Much of the energy is destroyed.
Much of the energy is destroyed.
Most of the energy is transformed into mass.
Most of the energy is transformed into mass.
Most of the energy becomes chemical energy.
Most of the energy becomes chemical energy.
Much of the energy is transformed into heat.
The correct statement is: Much of the energy is transformed into heat.
In the diagram below, light from the Sun strikes a beach (Z). The beach sand gains heat then warms the air that is immediately above it (X) and the sand that is immediately below it (Y).The warm air rises and is replaced by cool air (W). Which point indicates convective heat transfer?
(1 point)
Responses
X
X
Y
Y
Z
Z
W
The point that indicates convective heat transfer in this diagram is: X.
Jay wants to know how the amount of acidity in rainwater influences the weathering rate of limestone. To answer his question, Jay performs an experiment in which he soaks identical pieces of limestone in 200 mL of different carbonic acid solutions. The pH of the solutions range from 3.0 to 5.5. After performing his experiment once, he reports his data and draws a conclusion. What can Jay do to improve the reliability and accuracy of his data?(1 point)
Responses
He can use different types of rocks but follow the same experimental procedure.
He can use different types of rocks but follow the same experimental procedure.
He can repeat his experiment using a sodium hydroxide base instead of carbonic acid.
He can repeat his experiment using a sodium hydroxide base instead of carbonic acid.
He can increase the volume of the carbonic acid solutions.
He can increase the volume of the carbonic acid solutions.
He can repeat his experiment multiple times and ask someone else to replicate his experiment.
To improve the reliability and accuracy of his data, Jay can repeat his experiment multiple times and ask someone else to replicate his experiment. Therefore, the correct response is: He can repeat his experiment multiple times and ask someone else to replicate his experiment.
Carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) are pure substances. Each is made of only one type of atom, but carbon atoms are different from hydrogen atoms. Carbon and hydrogen chemically combine to form methane (CH4).Based on this information:(1 point)
Responses
carbon, hydrogen, and methane are all compounds.
carbon, hydrogen, and methane are all compounds.
carbon, hydrogen, and methane are all elements.
carbon, hydrogen, and methane are all elements.
methane is an element and carbon and hydrogen are compounds.
methane is an element and carbon and hydrogen are compounds.
carbon and hydrogen are elements and methane is a compound.
Based on the information given, the correct statement is: carbon and hydrogen are elements and methane is a compound.
Mrs. Clark decides to do a demonstration for her class with a piece of notebook paper. Using a balance, Mrs. Clark discovers that the mass of the paper is 20 g. She then takes the piece of paper and cuts it into several small pieces. The cumulative mass of the small pieces is 20 g. What has Mrs. Clark demonstrated for her class?(1 point)
Responses
a physical change involving change of shape and size of matter
a physical change involving change of shape and size of matter
a chemical change involving change of shape and size of matter
a chemical change involving change of shape and size of matter
a chemical change involving change of mass
a chemical change involving change of mass
a physical change involving change of mass
Mrs. Clark has demonstrated a physical change involving change of shape and size of matter.
The three classes of rocks are sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous. How are rocks classified into one of these three groups?
(1 point)
Responses
According to how many times they have been through the rock cycle
According to how many times they have been through the rock cycle
According to the method of their formation
According to the method of their formation
According to their position in the lithosphere
According to their position in the lithosphere
According to the amount of weathering they have endured