Two movers are attempting to push a couch up a ramp. One mover applies a force of 80 N to the right, but the force of friction between the couch and the ramp is providing a force of 110 N in the opposite direction, and the couch slides down the ramp.
At minimum, how much force will the second mover need to apply to help push the couch up the ramp?
(1 point)
Responses
110 N
110 N
30 N
30 N
80 N
80 N
31 N
30 N
Newton's Laws Unit Test
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Question
A group of students conduct an experiment to study Newton’s second law of motion. They applied a force to a toy car and measure its acceleration. The table shows the results.
Force (N) Acceleration (m/s²)
2.0 5.0
3.0 7.5
6.0 15.0
If the students graph the data points, which conclusion will they be able to make?
(1 point)
Responses
The data points will not fall along a line. This shows that as the force increases, the acceleration increases.
The data points will not fall along a line. This shows that as the force increases, the acceleration increases.
The data points will fall along a line. This shows that as the force increases, the acceleration increases.
The data points will fall along a line. This shows that as the force increases, the acceleration increases.
The data points will fall along a line. This shows that as the force increases, the acceleration decreases.
The data points will fall along a line. This shows that as the force increases, the acceleration decreases.
The data points will not fall along a line. This shows that as the force increases, the acceleration decreases.
The data points will not fall along a line. This shows that as the force increases, the acceleration decreases.
The data points will fall along a line. This shows that as the force increases, the acceleration increases.
In the experimental setup shown, a car has one end of a string attached to it, and the other end is attached to a fixed number of metal discs. The car moves along the table and two probes sense the motion of the car. The probes send information to a computer that displays the acceleration and velocity of the experiment. When looking at these results, which quantity stays constant during the trials?
A car at the one end of the table is tied to a hanger at the other end of the table using a string and a pully. The hanger is hanging over the side of the table while the car is placed flat on the surface of the table. The hanger can support the metal discs. A ruler, a laptop, and other equipment are also placed on the table.
(1 point)
Responses
acceleration
acceleration
mass
mass
force
force
velocity
mass
Imagine a scenario in which an animal's force is pushing itself forward 5 N, friction is pushing it 4 N backward, gravity is pushing the animal 10 N down, and the animal is pushing itself 10 N up. Describe the movement of the animal.(1 point)
Responses
It moves 29 N forward because that's the net force.
It moves 29 N forward because that's the net force.
It only moves forward because there is a net force forward.
It only moves forward because there is a net force forward.
It moves forward and upward because those are the greatest net forces.
It moves forward and upward because those are the greatest net forces.
It moves 10 N down and 10 N up as those are the greatest forces acting on the animal.
It moves 29 N forward because that's the net force.
Two rockets with the same mass are accelerated. Rocket A accelerates twice as quickly as rocket B. Which statement is correct?(1 point)
Responses
The motor in rocket A is half as powerful as the motor in rocket B.
The motor in rocket A is half as powerful as the motor in rocket B.
The motor in rocket A is four times as powerful as the motor in rocket B.
The motor in rocket A is four times as powerful as the motor in rocket B.
The motor in rocket A is twice as powerful as the motor in rocket B.
The motor in rocket A is twice as powerful as the motor in rocket B.
The motor in rocket A is half as powerful as the motor in rocket B.
The motor in rocket A is twice as powerful as the motor in rocket B.
Newton's Laws Unit Test
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Question
A model rocket has a mass of 0.2 kg, with a motor that can provide a force of 100 N. A second model rocket is being built with the same motor, but it is being designed to accelerate half as much as the first rocket. What kind of change can be made in the design to achieve this objective? (1 point)
Responses
The mass of the second rocket should be 0.01 kg.
The mass of the second rocket should be 0.01 kg.
The mass of the second rocket should be 0.2 kg.
The mass of the second rocket should be 0.2 kg.
The mass of the second rocket should be 0.1 kg.
The mass of the second rocket should be 0.1 kg.
The mass of the second rocket should be 0.4 kg.
The mass of the second rocket should be 0.4 kg.
Five motorboats are being tested to see which reaches the highest velocity in the same amount of time. After graphing the acceleration versus force for each motorboat, the graph is a sloped line with a y-intercept of zero. Which statement is correct about these motorboats?(1 point)
Responses
All five motorboats have the same mass, which can be calculated from the graph.
All five motorboats have the same mass, which can be calculated from the graph.
All five motorboats have the same mass, which cannot be calculated from the graph.
All five motorboats have the same mass, which cannot be calculated from the graph.
All five motorboats have the same final velocity, which can be calculated from the graph.
All five motorboats have the same final velocity, which can be calculated from the graph.
All five motorboats have the same final velocity, which cannot be calculated from the graph.
All five motorboats have the same mass, which cannot be calculated from the graph.
If a soccer ball’s mass is 5 kg and a player who weighs 50 kg kicks the soccer ball forward with a force of 5 N , how much force does the ball exert on the player’s foot and in what direction?(1 point)
Responses
5 N backward
5 N backward
10 kg/N backward
10 kg/N backward
5 N forward
5 N forward
100 kg forward
The ball exerts a force of 5 N forward on the player's foot.
A toy helicopter flies forward with a force of 15 N into an oncoming wind of 10 N. The force of gravity pulls the helicopter down with a force of 5 N, but the propeller is providing an upward force of 10 N.
Which of the following accurately describes the helicopter’s force?
(1 point)
Responses
The toy helicopter is flying forward with a force of 15 N and upward with a force of 10 N.
The toy helicopter is flying forward with a force of 15 N and upward with a force of 10 N.
The toy helicopter is flying forward with a force of 10 N and upward with a force of 5 N.
The toy helicopter is flying forward with a force of 10 N and upward with a force of 5 N.
The toy helicopter is flying forward with a force of 5 N and upward with a force of 5 N.
The toy helicopter is flying forward with a force of 5 N and upward with a force of 5 N.
The toy helicopter is flying forward with a force of 15 N.
The toy helicopter is flying forward with a force of 15 N and upward with a force of 10 N.
In 1-2 sentences, summarize why the force required to move a ping pong ball is less than the force required to move a bowling ball. (2 points)
The force required to move a ping pong ball is less than the force required to move a bowling ball because the ping pong ball has a lower mass and therefore experiences less inertia.
In 1-2 sentences, explain the difference between the velocity and acceleration of an object.(2 points)
Velocity refers to the speed and direction of an object's motion, while acceleration refers to the rate at which an object's velocity changes over time.
Use the image to answer the question.
A car at the one end of the table is tied to a hanger at the other end of the table using a string and a pully. The hanger is hanging over the side of the table while the car is placed flat on the surface of the table. The hanger can support the metal discs. A ruler, a laptop, and other equipment are also placed on the table.
Students are using the experimental setup shown in the image in which the two ends of a string are attached to a car and to a hanger. The students conduct three trials in which they place metal discs on the hanger to manipulate the force applied to the car. As a result, the car accelerates along the table while two probes collect motion data.
On the fourth trial of this experiment, a student places some discs on the car by mistake. In 1-2 sentences, explain how this would this change the acceleration or velocity?
(2 points)
Placing discs on the car during the fourth trial would increase the mass of the car, which would likely result in a decrease in acceleration and potentially a decrease in velocity.
Use the simulation to help complete the activity.
Force and Motion Basics (select Acceleration)
Example of the simulation with a Friction Force:
An image of a PhET® simulation where there is a Friction Force of 250 N and an applied force of 400 N to a 100 kg object.
Example of the simulation without a Friction Force:
An image of a PhET® simulation where there is only an applied force of 400 N to a 100 kg object. The surface the object is moving on is frictionless.
In one or two sentences, make a hypothesis about whether or not it is easier to start the box moving on a frictionless surface than to keep it moving on a rough surface.
(2 points)