Which of the following does the tablet of the Code of Hammurabi provide an example of?(1 point)

Responses

domestication

clay pottery

written laws

a large city

written laws

Use the map to determine which of the following statements about Etruscan cities is true.

(1 point)
Responses

The Roman civilization only took over Etruscan cities that were near the Mediterranean.
The Roman civilization only took over Etruscan cities that were near the Mediterranean.

Most Etruscan cities that were eventually taken over by the Romans were located in the eastern portion of the Italian peninsula.
Most Etruscan cities that were eventually taken over by the Romans were located in the eastern portion of the Italian peninsula.

The Roman civilization eventually took over Etruscan cities and expanded their territory.
The Roman civilization eventually took over Etruscan cities and expanded their territory.

The Roman civilization eventually took over all lands that were not Etruscan and expanded their territory.

Most Etruscan cities that were eventually taken over by the Romans were located in the eastern portion of the Italian peninsula.

Which of the following pairs of river valley civilization innovations most directly relates to textile production?(1 point)

Responses

cart and shears
cart and shears

axe and cart
axe and cart

shears and plow
shears and plow

bronze and the sail

shears and plow

Which of the following most fully describes how art was used in river valley civilizations and classical civilizations?(1 point)

Responses

Art was used to legitimize religion and government.
Art was used to legitimize religion and government.

Art was used to communicate important religious ideas.
Art was used to communicate important religious ideas.

Art was created for aesthetic reasons, focusing on decoration.
Art was created for aesthetic reasons, focusing on decoration.

Art reinforced social hierarchy, power, and religious authority.

Art reinforced social hierarchy, power, and religious authority.

Which of these technologies was a cultural development in ancient Egypt?(1 point)

Responses

hygiene products
hygiene products

the number zero
the number zero

the arch bridge
the arch bridge

mass production

the arch bridge

Sargon the Great likely established the world’s great empire. Which empire was this?(1 point)

Responses

Akkadian Empire
Akkadian Empire

Babylonian Empire
Babylonian Empire

Hittite Empire
Hittite Empire

Assyrian Empire

Akkadian Empire

Why was written language likely developed?(1 point)

Responses

It allowed ritualistic prayers to be written for all to read.
It allowed ritualistic prayers to be written for all to read.

It provided law codes for the public.
It provided law codes for the public.

It allowed trade over long distances.
It allowed trade over long distances.

It gave soldiers a common way to communicate military instructions prior to battle.

It allowed trade over long distances.

Because of the Neolithic Agricultural Revolution, why did political leaders become necessary in large civilizations?(1 point)

Responses

Civil wars broke out within civilizations.
Civil wars broke out within civilizations.

The Neolithic Agricultural Revolution led to political unrest.
The Neolithic Agricultural Revolution led to political unrest.

Large civilizations needed leadership and organization.
Large civilizations needed leadership and organization.

Large civilizations needed someone to hold the most power

Large civilizations needed leadership and organization.

How were Roman women affected by patriarchy?(1 point)

Responses

They could vote and own businesses.
They could vote and own businesses.

They kept their children after divorce.
They kept their children after divorce.

They were expected to be wives and mothers, and they had few legal rights.
They were expected to be wives and mothers, and they had few legal rights.

They were not allowed to divorce.

They were expected to be wives and mothers, and they had few legal rights.

How did Mesopotamia acquire the people they enslaved?(1 point)

Responses

from war with other areas
from war with other areas

from political alliances with other areas
from political alliances with other areas

from people who could not pay their debts
from people who could not pay their debts

from local households

from war with other areas

What trade route passed through the middle of the Kushan Empire?(1 point)

Responses

the Gandhara
the Gandhara

the Zoroastrian
the Zoroastrian

the Silk Road
the Silk Road

the Amu Darya

the Silk Road

What is the Gupta Empire remembered for?(1 point)

Responses

The Gupta Empire is remembered for its strong military, efficient administration system, and advances in knowledge.
The Gupta Empire is remembered for its strong military, efficient administration system, and advances in knowledge.

The Gupta Empire is remembered for its strong military and lack of advances in knowledge.
The Gupta Empire is remembered for its strong military and lack of advances in knowledge.

The Gupta Empire is remembered for its weak military and efficient administration system.
The Gupta Empire is remembered for its weak military and efficient administration system.

The Gupta Empire is remembered for its weak military and epic poetry.
The Gupta Empire is remembered for its weak military and epic poetry.

The Gupta Empire is remembered for its strong military, efficient administration system, and advances in knowledge.

The Safavid Empire was located in between two other empires. Using the map, identify and name these two empires.

(1 point)
Responses

the Ottoman and Mongol Empires
the Ottoman and Mongol Empires

the Mughal and Mongol Empires
the Mughal and Mongol Empires

the Ottoman and Mughal Empires
the Ottoman and Mughal Empires

the Safavid and Ottoman Empires

the Ottoman and Mughal Empires

Based on a comparison of the Zhou and Qin dynasties, when do empires fall?(1 point)

Responses

when they build complicated irrigation systems
when they build complicated irrigation systems

when they have a large military
when they have a large military

when they expand their territory
when they expand their territory

when there is a large economic gap between rich and poor

when there is a large economic gap between rich and poor

What is one development during the Han and Tang dynasties that contributed to the increased population of southern China?(1 point)

Responses

silk
silk

porcelain
porcelain

junks
junks

canal system

canal system

How did the Silk Road under Emperor Wudi’s control impact Chinese values?(1 point)

Responses

It helped the nobles in China gain power.
It helped the nobles in China gain power.

It was how Chinese women gained authority.
It was how Chinese women gained authority.

Confucianism spread throughout Asia.
Confucianism spread throughout Asia.

Everyone in China wanted to wear silk.

Confucianism spread throughout Asia.

What are the Vedas?(1 point)

Responses

ancient scriptures based on oral tradition
ancient scriptures based on oral tradition

records of the Four Noble Truths
records of the Four Noble Truths

writings of the Buddha
writings of the Buddha

ultimate spiritual reality

ancient scriptures based on oral tradition

Asoka began to spread Buddhism throughout the Mauryan Empire because he(1 point)

Responses

regretted the suffering caused by the massacre of Kalinga.
regretted the suffering caused by the massacre of Kalinga.

was celebrating the start of his rule.
was celebrating the start of his rule.

wanted to conquer more territories with his armies.
wanted to conquer more territories with his armies.

had no concern for the common people.

regretted the suffering caused by the massacre of Kalinga.

Describe how the Silk Road changed over time.(1 point)

Responses

The Silk Road never changed and always remained under the control of the Mongol Empire.
The Silk Road never changed and always remained under the control of the Mongol Empire.

The Silk Road eventually evolved into the Indian Ocean and trans-Saharan trade routes.
The Silk Road eventually evolved into the Indian Ocean and trans-Saharan trade routes.

The Silk Road changed to reflect changing political borders and power structures.
The Silk Road changed to reflect changing political borders and power structures.

We are unsure if the Silk Road ever changed. If trade routes changed, merchants stopped using them.

The Silk Road changed to reflect changing political borders and power structures.

Which statement best describes a long-term effect of trade routes established in early civilizations?(1 point)

Responses

The Romans conquered Egypt.
The Romans conquered Egypt.

Islam has a strong presence in Southeast Asia.
Islam has a strong presence in Southeast Asia.

The Therapeautai religious sect emerged and spread.
The Therapeautai religious sect emerged and spread.

The Black Death killed three quarters of Venice’s population.

Islam has a strong presence in Southeast Asia.

What conclusion can be made about the change in gender structures in early India from the early Vedic Period to the late Vedic Period?(1 point)

Responses

Women lost all rights and became second-class citizens.
Women lost all rights and became second-class citizens.

Women became socially isolated through purdah but retained rights to own property.
Women became socially isolated through purdah but retained rights to own property.

Women gained higher status as they gained greater responsibilities in performing religious rituals.
Women gained higher status as they gained greater responsibilities in performing religious rituals.

Women were allowed to marry after they reached puberty.

Women gained higher status as they gained greater responsibilities in performing religious rituals.

In 1–2 sentences, analyze the push and pull factors that led to early human migration.(2 points)

Early human migration was driven by push factors such as scarcity of resources and environmental changes, while pull factors included the search for new opportunities, better living conditions, and the desire to explore and conquer new territories.

In 1–2 sentences, analyze the way the domestication of plants and animals led to complex societies.(2 points)

The domestication of plants and animals allowed for a more reliable and sustainable food supply, which in turn led to the development of settled agricultural communities and the emergence of complex societies with specialization of labor, division of roles, and the growth of population and social organization.

why

The domestication of plants and animals provided a stable and consistent source of food, which allowed early humans to settle in one place and transition from a nomadic lifestyle to a settled agricultural lifestyle. This led to the development of complex societies as people were able to dedicate more time to activities other than hunting and gathering, such as building infrastructure, developing technologies, and engaging in trade and social interactions. Additionally, the surplus of food created by domestication allowed for population growth, which further contributed to the development of complex societies with social hierarchies and specialized roles.

In 1–2 sentences, compare the methods used and the reasons behind how Egyptians and Mesopotamians changed their environments to suit their needs.(2 points)

Both Egyptians and Mesopotamians changed their environments through the construction of extensive irrigation systems to control and harness the power of rivers. The Egyptians focused on the Nile River for agriculture and maintaining a stable society, while the Mesopotamians applied complex irrigation techniques to manage the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, enabling them to support large-scale agriculture and establish prosperous city-states.

In 3–5 sentences, compare and contrast the social organization of ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia.(4 points)

Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia had similar social structures in that they were both hierarchical societies with a ruling elite at the top. However, Egypt had a more centralized and stable political system with the pharaoh as the absolute monarch, while Mesopotamia had a fragmented political system with city-states and often experienced more political instability. Additionally, Egypt had a hereditary and rigid social hierarchy, with peasants at the bottom and the pharaoh at the top, while Mesopotamia had a more fluid social structure where social status was determined by wealth and occupation. Women in Egypt enjoyed more rights and privileges than in Mesopotamia, where they had limited legal rights and were primarily domestic-oriented. Lastly, both civilizations worshipped a pantheon of gods, but religion played a more prominent role in Egypt, where the pharaoh was considered divine and the gods were central to their belief system and daily life.

In 1–2 sentences, analyze the use of Legalism by the Qin dynasty to unify China. What were two Legalist policies that helped the Qin gain power?(2 points)

The Qin dynasty used Legalism as a governing philosophy to unify China by imposing strict laws and punishments to maintain order and control over the population, and by implementing a centralized bureaucracy to consolidate power and eliminate rivalries between feudal states. Additionally, the policies of standardized weights and measures, and the abolition of feudalism helped the Qin dynasty gain power and establish strong centralized control over the empire.

Arab traders in the Middle East refused to share where they harvested their spices. They sometimes told fantastic stories, saying that their spices came from mystical lakes guarded by winged animals. According to Pliny the Elder, a Roman philosopher and politician, "All these tales…have been evidently invented for the purpose of enhancing the price of these commodities.” In 3–5 sentences, analyze how this statement would later impact European political beliefs.(4 points)

Pliny the Elder's statement about the Arab traders and their invention of stories to increase the price of spices highlights a recognition of economic motivations and the manipulation of information for profit. This skepticism towards the credibility of information from traders could have influenced European political beliefs by emphasizing the importance of critical thinking and questioning of sources. It might have fostered a growing skepticism towards unsubstantiated claims and a desire for reliable information, which could have had implications for future developments in European political thought and the importance placed on skepticism and evidence-based reasoning.

In 1–2 sentences, how did female Confucian scholars such as Ban Zhao and the Song sisters influence gender roles in early China?(2 points)

Female Confucian scholars such as Ban Zhao and the Song sisters influenced gender roles in early China by advocating for the education of women and promoting their active participation in society, challenging traditional notions of women's inferiority and limited roles, and contributing to the recognition of women's intellectual and moral capabilities.