What is a star? 1 point
A ball of burning plasma…mostly hydrogen and helium
The result of clouds of gas in space colliding and causing nuclear fusion
The process by which most elements are formed and released into the universe
All of the above
All of the above.
The life cycle of a star depends upon its…
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1 point
Luminosity
Mass
Apparent Magnitude
Age
Mass
Put the following in order for the life cycle of a SMALL or AVERAGE Sized Star
Nebula ==> Protostar ==> Main Sequence Star ==> Red Supergiant ==> Supernova ==>Black Hole
Nebula ==> Protostar ==> Main Sequence Star ==> Red Giant ==> Planetary Nebula ==>White Dwarf
Planetary Nebula ==> Protostar ==> Giant ==> Supernova ==> Main Sequence ==> Black Hole
Protostar ==> Nebula ==> Main Sequence Star ==> Red Supergiant ==> Supernova ==>Black Hole
Nebula ==> Protostar ==> Main Sequence Star ==> Red Giant ==> Planetary Nebula ==> White Dwarf
What is a phase that our sun, a small to average sized star, will never experience?
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1 point
Red Giant
Supernova
White Dwarf
Nebula
Supernova
A group of scientists found a new star in the galaxy. They determined that it was over 5x the size of our sun and is in its main sequence. What would be the next phase of this star’s life?
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1 point
Red Giant
White Dwarf
Red Supergiant
Neutron Star
Red Supergiant
View & read about the Orion Nebula. What 2 gases make up most of this cloud where new stars are formed?
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1 point
Hydrogen and Iron
Hydrogen and Carbon Dioxide
Hydrogen and Helium
Helium and Lithium
Hydrogen and Helium
What type of star is HOPS-68? And what human phase of life could we consider this star to be in?
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1 point
Protostar; baby
Protostar; elderly
Main Sequence; adult life
Neutron Star; death
HOPS-68 is a protostar, and we could consider it to be in the "baby" phase of its life.
Our sun is in which phase of its life? Nuclear fusion will burn all of the hydrogen in its core and then it will begin its next phase of life. Astronomers estimate this will be when?
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1 point
Main Sequence; 5 billion years
Protostar; 5 billion years
Main Sequence; 2 billion years
Red Giant; 5 billion years
Our sun is currently in the main sequence phase of its life. Astronomers estimate that it will begin its next phase, the red giant phase, in about 5 billion years.
The red supergiant, Betelgeuse (yes…pronounced “Beetle Juice”) is the 2nd brightest star in the constellation Orion. Due to its size and gravity, it is responsible for creating some of the heavier metals in the universe. What is a heavier element likely created by Betelgeuse?
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1 point
Hydrogen (H)
Silicon (Si)
Helium (He)
Lithium (Li)
Silicon (Si) is a heavier element that is likely created by Betelgeuse.
10. The Crab Nebula is actually the remnant of a ___________ explosion. Explosions like this in space are responsible for even heavier elements needed for life such as _________________.
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1 point
White Dwarf; Hydrogen
Nebula: Helium
Supernova; Helium
Supernova; Magnesium
Supernova; Magnesium
The distance of a star can affect how bright it appears to our human eyes. But astronomers need to know a star’s true brightness or absolute magnitude to compare stars to each other. An H-R Diagram (Hertz-Russell Diagram) graphs each star’s absolute magnitude (or luminosity) with it’s _____.
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1 point
Size
Temperature
Name
Temperature
Use the simulation above and adjust the temperature of the star both hotter and cooler. You should see the star image changing color. The hottest stars are ____ in color and seen on the ______ side of the graph.
Orange; Right
Blue; Right
Blue; Left
Yellow; Left
Blue; Left
In the same simulation, leave the temperature around the middle and adjust the luminosity back and forth. Where would we find a cooler but very bright star on the diagram?
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1 point
Top left
Top right
Bottom left
Middle
We would find a cooler but very bright star on the top right of the diagram.
Based on the H-R Diagram, white dwarf stars are not as bright as our sun but their temperature is ________. (HINT: Reset show's our sun's temp around 5800K. Check "show luminosity classes" to find white dwarf stars and click that area on the diagram.)
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1 point
Hotter
Cooler
The same
Hotter
How long would it take to fly a jet to the Sun from earth?
18 years
18 hours
1 year
24 hours
It would take approximately 18 years to fly a jet from Earth to the Sun.
Which of the following is correct about Sirius?
It is the brightest star in the night sky.
It is not as bright as Canopus.
It can only be seen with a telescope.
It is smaller than our sun.
The correct statement is: "It is the brightest star in the night sky."
Use this table to answer questions about the spectral features of each of the stars:
Sirius has a tempature of 9,940K. Using the table above, what spectral features does Sirius have?
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1 point
Helium, some hydrogen
Strong hydrogen, some ionized metals
Hydrogen and ionized metals such as calcium and iron
Both metals and ionized metals, especially ionized calcium
How far away from Earth is Kapteyn's Star?
38 light years
20 light years
13 light years
1 light year
Kapteyn's Star is approximately 13 light years away from Earth.
It is a spectral type M star. Using the table above, what spectral features does Kapteyn's Star have?
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1 point
Helium, some hydrogen
Strong titanium oxide and some calcium
Hydrogen and ionized metals such as calcium and iron
Both metals and ionized metals, especially ionized calcium
Based on the table, a spectral type M star such as Kapteyn's Star would have spectral features of "Strong titanium oxide and some calcium."
What kind of star is Luyten's star?
red dwarf
red giant
white dwarf
neutron star
Luyten's star is a red dwarf star.
It is a temperature of 3,150K. Using the table above, what spectral type is Luyten's Star?
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1 point
F
G
K
M
Based on the temperature of 3150K, Luyten's Star would have a spectral type of M.
True or False: Luyten's Star is moving away from our solar system.
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1 point
True
False
True
How many stars does Capella consist of?
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1 point
1
2
4
6
Use this table to answer questions about the spectral features of each of the stars:
24. The first pair of stars in Capella are type G-giant stars. Using the table above, what spectral features do these stars NOT have?
Without the specific spectral features given in the table for type G-giant stars, it is not possible to determine the spectral features that these stars do not have. Please provide the spectral features given in the table for type G-giant stars to answer the question accurately.
Use this table to answer questions about the spectral features of each of the stars:
24. The first pair of stars in Capella are type G-giant stars. Using the table above, what spectral features do these stars NOT have?
They are a yellowish color.
Their temperature is 5,000-6,000K.
They consist of both metals and ionized metals, especially ionized calcium.
They are a red color.