6. View & read about the Orion Nebula. What 2 gases make up most of this cloud where new stars are formed?
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1 point
Hydrogen and Iron
Hydrogen and Carbon Dioxide
Hydrogen and Helium
Helium and Lithium
all the answer1 All of the above
2 Mass
3 Nebula ==> Protostar ==> Main Sequence Star ==> Red Giant ==> Planetary Nebula ==>White Dwarf
4 Supernova
5 Red Supergiant
6 Hydrogen and Helium
7 Protostar; baby
8 Main Sequence; 5 billion years
9 Silicon (Si)
10 Supernova; Magnesium
11 Temperature
12 Blue; Left
13 Top right
14 Hotter
15 18 years
16 It is the brightest star in the night sky.
17 Strong hydrogen, some ionized metals
18 13 light years
19 Strong titanium oxide and some calcium
20 red dwarf
21 M
22 True
23 4
24They are a red color.
Hydrogen and Helium.
7. What type of star is HOPS-68? And what human phase of life could we consider this star to be in?
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1 point
Protostar; baby
Protostar; elderly
Main Sequence; adult life
Neutron Star; death
Protostar; baby.
8. Our sun is in which phase of its life? Nuclear fusion will burn all of the hydrogen in its core and then it will begin its next phase of life. Astronomers estimate this will be when?
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1 point
Main Sequence; 5 billion years
Protostar; 5 billion years
Main Sequence; 2 billion years
Red Giant; 5 billion years
Our sun is currently in the main sequence phase of its life. Astronomers estimate that it will start its next phase, which is becoming a red giant, in approximately 5 billion years.
Main Sequence; 5 billion years
Protostar; 5 billion years
Main Sequence; 2 billion years
Red Giant; 5 billion years
Main Sequence; 5 billion years
9. The red supergiant, Betelgeuse (yes…pronounced “Beetle Juice”) is the 2nd brightest star in the constellation Orion. Due to its size and gravity, it is responsible for creating some of the heavier metals in the universe. What is a heavier element likely created by Betelgeuse?
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1 point
Hydrogen (H)
Silicon (Si)
Helium (He)
Lithium (Li)
Silicon (Si) is a heavier element likely created by Betelgeuse.
10. The Crab Nebula is actually the remnant of a ___________ explosion. Explosions like this in space are responsible for even heavier elements needed for life such as _________________.
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1 point
White Dwarf; Hydrogen
Nebula: Helium
Supernova; Helium
Supernova; Magnesium
Supernova; Magnesium.
11. The distance of a star can affect how bright it appears to our human eyes. But astronomers need to know a star’s true brightness or absolute magnitude to compare stars to each other. An H-R Diagram (Hertz-Russell Diagram) graphs each star’s absolute magnitude (or luminosity) with it’s _____.
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1 point
Size
Temperature
Name
Temperature.
12. Use the simulation above (also linked below) and adjust the temperature of the star both hotter and cooler. You should see the star image changing color. The hottest stars are ____ in color and seen on the ______ side of the graph. Univ of Nebraska. HR Explorer
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1 point
Orange; Right
Blue; Right
Blue; Left
Yellow; Left
Blue; Left
13. In the same simulation, leave the temperature around the middle and adjust the luminosity back and forth. Where would we find a cooler but very bright star on the diagram?
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1 point
Top left
Top right
Bottom left
Middle
We would find a cooler but very bright star in the top right of the diagram.
14. Based on the H-R Diagram, white dwarf stars are not as bright as our sun but their temperature is ________. (HINT: Reset show's our sun's temp around 5800K. Check "show luminosity classes" to find white dwarf stars and click that area on the diagram.)
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1 point
Captionless Image
Hotter
Cooler
The same
Cooler.
15. How long would it take to fly a jet to the Sun from earth?
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1 point
Captionless Image
18 years
18 hours
1 year
24 hours
It is not possible to fly a jet to the Sun from Earth.
16. Which of the following is correct about Sirius?
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1 point
Captionless Image
It is the brightest star in the night sky.
It is not as bright as Canopus.
It can only be seen with a telescope.
It is smaller than our sun.
It is the brightest star in the night sky.
Use this table to answer questions about the spectral features of each of the stars:
17. Sirius has a tempature of 9,940K. Using the table above, what spectral features does Sirius have?
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1 point
Helium, some hydrogen
Strong hydrogen, some ionized metals
Hydrogen and ionized metals such as calcium and iron
Both metals and ionized metals, especially ionized calcium
According to the table, with a temperature of 9,940K, Sirius has spectral features of both metals and ionized metals, especially ionized calcium.
18. How far away from Earth is Kapteyn's Star?
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1 point
Captionless Image
38 light years
20 light years
13 light years
1 light year
Kapteyn's Star is approximately 13 light years away from Earth.
19. It is a spectral type M star. Using the table above, what spectral features does Kapteyn's Star have?
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1 point
Helium, some hydrogen
Strong titanium oxide and some calcium
Hydrogen and ionized metals such as calcium and iron
Both metals and ionized metals, especially ionized calcium
According to the table, as a spectral type M star, Kapteyn's Star has spectral features of strong titanium oxide and some calcium.
20. What kind of star is Luyten's star?
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1 point
Captionless Image
red dwarf
red giant
white dwarf
neutron star
Luyten's star is a red dwarf star.
21. It is a temperature of 3,150K. Using the table above, what spectral type is Luyten's Star?
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1 point
F
G
K
M
Based on the provided temperature of 3,150K, Luyten's Star has a spectral type of M.
22. True or False: Luyten's Star is moving away from our solar system.
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1 point
True
False
False.
23. How many stars does Capella consist of?
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1 point
Captionless Image
1
2
4
6
Capella consists of two stars.
24. The first pair of stars in Capella are type G-giant stars. Using the table above, what spectral features do these stars NOT have?
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1 point
They are a yellowish color.
Their temperature is 5,000-6,000K.
They consist of both metals and ionized metals, especially ionized calcium.
They are a red color.