1. Which fact most clearly shows the difficulty in defending the Roman empire against invasion?

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1 point
At its height, the empire likely had a population as high as 100 million.
At its height, the empire comprised nearly 1.7 million square miles of land and water.
Over the course of its history, the Roman empire built about 55,000 miles of paved roads.
The Mediterranean Sea stretches about 2,300 miles west to east and about 600 miles from Italy to the African coast.

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1. Which fact most clearly shows the difficulty in defending the Roman empire against invasion?

*
1 point
At its height, the empire likely had a population as high as 100 million.
At its height, the empire comprised nearly 1.7 million square miles of land and water.
Over the course of its history, the Roman empire built about 55,000 miles of paved roads.
The Mediterranean Sea stretches about 2,300 miles west to east and about 600 miles from Italy to the African coast.

The fact that most clearly shows the difficulty in defending the Roman empire against invasion is "At its height, the empire comprised nearly 1.7 million square miles of land and water." This vast expanse of land and water made it challenging to protect the empire's borders and defend against external threats.

2. The Pax Romana began around 30 BCE with the rise of who?

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1 point
Julius Caesar
Octavian
Marcus Aurelius
Constantine

The Pax Romana began around 30 BCE with the rise of Octavian.

3. Order the events from first (1) to last (4).

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4 points
1 2 3 4
Roman forces withdraw from Britain
Huns attack the empire
Odoacer topples Romulus Augustus
Imperial Crisis leads to civil war
Roman forces withdraw from Britain
Huns attack the empire
Odoacer topples Romulus Augustus
Imperial Crisis leads to civil war

1. Imperial Crisis leads to civil war

2. Roman forces withdraw from Britain
3. Huns attack the empire
4. Odoacer topples Romulus Augustus.

4. One Byzantine emperor wanted to simplify the laws so he appointed committees to go through the Roman laws and decisions. They produced a unified system of laws known as ___________________.

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1 point

One Byzantine emperor wanted to simplify the laws so he appointed committees to go through the Roman laws and decisions. They produced a unified system of laws known as Justinian's Code.

5. Match the empire with its most famous Emperor

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2 points
Augustus Justinian
Roman Empire
Byzantine Empire
Roman Empire
Byzantine Empire

Augustus - Roman Empire

Justinian - Byzantine Empire.

6. For Rome, which was the most serious consequence of the invasion of the Huns?

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1 point
The Huns conquered and overthrew the western empire.
The Huns attacked the Germanic tribes, who became refugees.
The Huns devastated large parts of the empire.
The Huns's invasions led to inflation that wrecked the Roman economy.

The most serious consequence of the invasion of the Huns for Rome was that the Huns devastated large parts of the empire.

7. Which of the following was a major factor in the decline of the Byzantine empire?

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1 point
conversion of the Slavs
iconoclasm
arrival of invaders
recapture of Rome

The arrival of invaders was a major factor in the decline of the Byzantine empire.

8. Select the boxes to classify the beliefs and practices.

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3 points
Emperor as head of the church Pope as head of the church Holy Bible
Roman Catholic Church
Eastern Orthodox Church
Both
Roman Catholic Church
Eastern Orthodox Church
Both

Emperor as head of the church - Eastern Orthodox Church

Pope as head of the church - Roman Catholic Church
Holy Bible - Both.

9. The Great Schism resulted most directly from the

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1 point

The Great Schism resulted most directly from the dispute over the authority of the Pope and the Iconoclasm movement, which led to the division of the Christian Church into the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches in 1054.

. Roman technology allowed:

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1 point
Romans to live healthier lives, relative to other ancient civilizations.
more Romans to be free rather than enslaved, relative to other ancient civilizations.
the Roman Empire to have a democratic government.
Romans to do jobs other than farming, relative to other ancient civilizations.

Roman technology allowed Romans to do jobs other than farming, relative to other ancient civilizations.

What was a drawback to living in the Roman Empire?

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1 point
As many as 1 out of 3 people were enslaved.
Roman law treated Romans of color unequally.
If you were born to a low status family, you had no chance of becoming powerful.
Compared to living in other ancient civilizations, there were no serious drawbacks.

As many as 1 out of 3 people were enslaved was a significant drawback to living in the Roman Empire.

What does the symbol of the cross represent in Christianity?

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1 point
the birth of the Messiah
the ritual meal of the Eucharist
the death and resurrection of Jesus
the love for one God above all others

The symbol of the cross in Christianity represents the death and resurrection of Jesus.

What was a right that women had during the Roman Empire?

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1 point
A right to own property
Women had equal rights to men during the Roman Empire
A right to a job of their choice
Women had no rights during the Roman Empire

A right that women had during the Roman Empire was the right to own property.

Which best describes the role of the New Testament in Christianity?

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1 point
It is the part of the Christian scripture that repeats Jewish teachings.
It is the term for the Christian Bible.
It is the part of the Christian scriptures that tells about the life of Jesus.
It is the only scripture important to Christians.

The role of the New Testament in Christianity is that it is the part of the Christian scriptures that tells about the life of Jesus.

What was true about slavery in the Roman Empire?

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1 point
Under Pax Romana, emperors passed laws helping enslaved people.
Romans enslaved people based on skin color.
On average, enslaved Romans died young.
Enslaved Romans could not become wealthy

On average, enslaved Romans died young.

Which of the following was a major factor in the decline of the Roman empire? (select two answers)

*
1 point
arrival of invaders
The Great Schism
The Imperial Crisis
Iconoclasm

The arrival of invaders and the Imperial Crisis were major factors in the decline of the Roman empire.

How did Jesus’s teachings reach so many people in the early Roman empire?

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1 point
through forced conversions on the orders of the emperor
through the decision of a council of bishops
through local laws dictated by the Pope
through the support of important Roman generals
through the travels of his followers on Roman roads
18. The Pax Romana ended around 180 CE with the death of which Emperor?
1 point
Julius Caesar
Octavian
Marcus Aurelius
Constantine

Jesus's teachings reached so many people in the early Roman empire through the travels of his followers on Roman roads.

The Pax Romana ended around 180 CE with the death of Marcus Aurelius.

Short Answer Response: Answer in complete sentences.

What impact did the Imperial Crisis have on the Roman empire?
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4 points

The Imperial Crisis had a significant impact on the Roman empire. This period of political instability and civil war weakened the governmental system, leading to economic decline and military vulnerability. The crisis also resulted in the frequent assassination of emperors, causing successive ruler takeovers, which led to a loss of control and direction in the empire. Additionally, invasions from external threats like the Goths and Persians occurred during this time, especially when the Roman armies were already weakened from internal conflict. As a result, the crisis contributed to the decreasing power and prestige of the Roman empire, and ultimately led to its eventual decline.

Short Answer Response: Answer in complete sentences.

Describe the changing attitudes of the Roman empire towards Christianity. What caused them to change their views?

Initially, the Roman empire's attitude towards Christianity was hostile, considering the religion to be subversive and disloyal to the state. Despite this, Christianity continued to spread throughout Rome, largely among the lower classes. Eventually, the notoriously bloody and oppressive methods used to persecute Christians came to seem excessive, leading to more tolerant policies. The most influential factor in this shift was the conversion of the Emperor Constantine to Christianity in the early 4th century. His conversion, along with the legalization of Christianity, marked a turning point in the attitudes of the Roman empire. The religion became widely accepted among all classes of Roman society, and Christianity eventually became the official religion of the empire under Emperor Theodosius in the late 4th century. This shift in attitude was a result of political and social changes that swept through the Roman empire, as well as influential Christian leaders and their followers who worked tirelessly to gain acceptance for their religion.