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Which process in photosynthesis uses energy from the sun?(1 point)

Responses

splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen

releasing oxygen

absorbing carbon dioxide

combining carbon dioxide and hydrogen

absorbing carbon dioxide

A scientist fills a glass container with water and places an aquatic plant inside the container, then closes the lid and places the container in direct sunlight. The scientist observes small bubbles on the surfaces of the plant’s leaves on days 1 and 2, but no bubbles on day 3. The scientist concludes that the bubbles were caused by photosynthesis. Which substance should be added to the water in order for the bubbles to reappear?(1 point)

Responses

oxygen
glucose
hydrogen gas
carbon dioxide

carbon dioxide

ATP is(1 point)

Responses

released when carbon dioxide and water form glucose
released when carbon dioxide and water form glucose

a form of energy that can be used and stored
a form of energy that can be used and stored

stored during cellular respiration
stored during cellular respiration

a form of energy that cannot be stored
a form of energy that cannot be stored

a form of energy that can be used and stored

ATP stores some of the energy from glucose molecules during cellular respiration. How is the remaining energy from these glucose molecules released?(1 point)

Responses

Excess carbon dioxide
Excess carbon dioxide

Excess water
Excess water

Excess heat
Excess heat

Excess light
Excess light

Excess heat

One molecule of glucose is recycled into ___ molecules of carbon dioxide during cellular respiration.(1 point)

Responses

2
2

1
1

6
6

12
12

6

Matter and Energy Unit Test

6 of 146 of 14 Items
Question
Which role does photosynthesis play in the flow of energy? (1 point)
Responses

Photosynthesis provides radiant energy to all the organisms in the entire food chain.
Photosynthesis provides radiant energy to all the organisms in the entire food chain.

Photosynthesis is how plants break down glucose to use for energy.
Photosynthesis is how plants break down glucose to use for energy.

Photosynthesis allows plants to create energy for themselves to store and use for metabolism.
Photosynthesis allows plants to create energy for themselves to store and use for metabolism.

Photosynthesis converts radiant energy to chemical energy to be used by organisms in the food chain.
Photosynthesis converts radiant energy to chemical energy to be used by organisms in the food chain.

Photosynthesis converts radiant energy to chemical energy to be used by organisms in the food chain.

How does the carbon stored in the bodies of living organisms move into rocks?(1 point)

Responses

Living organisms decay and become fossils fuels, which eventually become rocks.
Living organisms decay and become fossils fuels, which eventually become rocks.

Carbon dioxide released through respiration dissolves in certain rocks, like limestone.
Carbon dioxide released through respiration dissolves in certain rocks, like limestone.

Carbon dioxide dissolves in ocean water and is slowly absorbed by rocks in the ocean.
Carbon dioxide dissolves in ocean water and is slowly absorbed by rocks in the ocean.

Living organisms decay, releasing carbon into the soil, and soil is compacted into rocks.

Living organisms decay, releasing carbon into the soil, and soil is compacted into rocks.

The nitrogen cycle requires _____ to convert nitrogen to nitrites and nitrates.(1 point)

Responses

bacteria
bacteria

animals
animals

legumes
legumes

plants
plants

bacteria

The three steps of the nitrogen cycle in order, starting with nitrogen gas in the atmosphere, are(1 point)

Responses

nitrogen fixation, denitrification, and nitrification.
nitrogen fixation, denitrification, and nitrification.

nitrogen fixation, nitrification, and denitrification.
nitrogen fixation, nitrification, and denitrification.

denitrification, nitrification, and nitrogen fixation.
denitrification, nitrification, and nitrogen fixation.

nitrification, nitrogen fixation, and denitrification.
nitrification, nitrogen fixation, and denitrification.

nitrogen fixation, nitrification, and denitrification.

How do energy and matter move in ecosystems?(1 point)

Responses

Energy flows in one direction, and matter cycles through the environment.
Energy flows in one direction, and matter cycles through the environment.

Energy and matter flow in one direction.
Energy and matter flow in one direction.

Matter flows in one direction, and energy cycles through the environment.
Matter flows in one direction, and energy cycles through the environment.

Energy and matter cycle through the environment.
Energy and matter cycle through the environment.

Energy flows in one direction, and matter cycles through the environment.

Which statement is true?(1 point)

Responses

Food webs are the best depictions of feeding relationships because they show a single path for the flow of energy through an ecosystem.
Food webs are the best depictions of feeding relationships because they show a single path for the flow of energy through an ecosystem.

Food webs are the best depictions of feeding relationships because they show many ways that plants and animals are connected.
Food webs are the best depictions of feeding relationships because they show many ways that plants and animals are connected.

Food chains are the best depictions of feeding relationships because they show a simplified path for the flow of energy through an ecosystem.
Food chains are the best depictions of feeding relationships because they show a simplified path for the flow of energy through an ecosystem.

Food chains are the best depictions of feeding relationships because they show many ways that plants and animals are connected.

Food webs are the best depictions of feeding relationships because they show many ways that plants and animals are connected.

In one or two sentences, explain how the chemical equation for cellular respiration shows that plants cycle matter. Include the numbers of molecules and atoms involved to support your explanation.

The chemical equation for cellular respiration shows that plants cycle matter by taking in glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen (O2) and breaking them down into carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O), and energy (ATP). The same carbon atoms and oxygen atoms from glucose and oxygen are released back into the air as carbon dioxide and oxygen during this process.

In a food pyramid, there is typically less biomass at the top (i.e., there are very few individual tertiary consumers, whereas there are numerous individual producers). In three to five sentences, explain this phenomenon, citing evidence relating to energy flow and how plants support ecosystems.

There is typically less biomass at the top of a food pyramid because energy gradually decreases as it moves up trophic levels. Producers, such as plants, can convert up to 1% of the sun's energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis, which can then be used to sustain the entire ecosystem. However, at each trophic level, only about 10% of the energy is transferred to the next level, meaning there is less energy available for higher-level consumers. This makes it less efficient for organisms to be higher-level consumers, resulting in a lower number of individual tertiary consumers compared to primary producers. As a result, ecosystems rely heavily on primary producers to support energy flow and biomass in the ecosystem.

can you make it less formal and more simple as if a 7th grader wrote it

There are usually fewer animals at the top of a food pyramid compared to the bottom because energy gets lost as it moves up the food chain. Plants can turn some of the sun's energy into food for everything in the ecosystem, which creates more energy. But as you go up the food chain, there is less energy to go around, so there are fewer animals. Plus, eating other animals is not a super-efficient way to get energy. This is why there are lots of plants and fewer animals higher up in the pyramid. Plants are really important because they support the whole ecosystem!

Ocean ecosystems are sensitive to the chemical composition of the water. Any excess compounds can upset the balance and cause damage to organisms. In three to five sentences, describe how reducing consumption of fossil fuels can help the ocean ecosystem.