Which characteristic describes an independent clause?
A. It expresses an incomplete thought.
b. It includes a subject and a verb and can stand alone.
c. It describes the action in a sentence and cannot stand alone.
d. It is a group of words containing a subject or a verb but not both.
Which choice best describes the function of phrases and clauses?
A. to ensure sentences are complete
B. to make conversations fun
C. to add detail and meaning
D. to express thoughts and ideas
C. to add detail and meaning.
Which characteristic describes an independent clause?
A. It includes a subject and a verb and can stand alone.
B. It expresses an incomplete thought.
C. It is a group of words containing a subject or a verb but not both.
D. It describes the action in a sentence and cannot stand alone.
A. It includes a subject and a verb and can stand alone.
Directions: Complete each of the following statements.
1. A clause is a group of words with its own subject and verb.
2. A dependent clause is another name for the _______________ clause.
3. The two types of clauses are the ____________________ clause and the
__________________ clause.
4. The ______________________ clause expresses a complete thought and can stand alone as a sentence.
5. The ______________________ clause has a subject and a verb, but it does not express a complete thought.
1. A clause is a group of words with its own subject and verb.
2. A dependent clause is another name for the subordinate clause.
3. The two types of clauses are the independent clause and the subordinate clause.
4. The independent clause expresses a complete thought and can stand alone as a sentence.
5. The subordinate clause has a subject and a verb, but it does not express a complete thought.
A simple sentence is one independent clause—a group of words that has a subject and a verb and can stand by itself as a complete thought.
Example: The dog chased the ball.
A compound sentence consists of two or more independent clauses linked by a word such as and, but, or or.
Example: Mr. Roberts was a teacher, but he also coached soccer.
A complex sentence contains one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses—a group of words that has a subject and a verb but is not a complete thought.
Example: Although he was a science teacher, Mr. Roberts also taught math.
Directions: Using the phrase provided below, write a sentence. THEN label your sentences by writing simple, compound, or complex in parentheses after each one.
Example: attended high school
Sentence using the phrase: My neighbor attended high school with my daughter, so they drove together each morning.
Sentence Type: Compound Sentence
1. liked to write poetry
Sentence using the phrase: _________________________________________________
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Sentence Type: ___________________________
2. Although he was
Sentence using the phrase: ________________________________________________
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Sentence Type: ___________________________
3. played soccer for his school team
Sentence using the phrase: ________________________________________________
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Sentence Type: ___________________________
Directions: Label each sentence below as simple, complex, compound, or compound-complex. You will only use each term only ONCE.
1. The players were nervous because they had never beaten the opposing team.
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2. When the teams left the field for halftime, the home team was winning, but the opposing team trailed by only one goal.
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3. The home team had the fans’ support, and families cheered from the stands.
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4. The fans went wild over every steal and goal during the game.
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Using the phrase provided below, write a sentence. THEN label your sentences by writing simple, compound, or complex in parentheses after each one.
1. liked to write poetry
Sentence using the phrase: Mary liked to write poetry in her free time.
Sentence Type: Simple Sentence
2. Although he was
Sentence using the phrase: Although he was tired, he helped me with my homework.
Sentence Type: Complex Sentence
3. played soccer for his school team
Sentence using the phrase: Brian played soccer for his school team, and his family never missed one game.
Sentence Type: Compound Sentence
Directions: Label each sentence below as simple, complex, compound, or compound-complex. You will only use each term only ONCE.
1. The players were nervous because they had never beaten the opposing team.
Sentence Type: Compound-Complex Sentence
2. When the teams left the field for halftime, the home team was winning, but the opposing team trailed by only one goal.
Sentence Type: Complex Sentence
3. The home team had the fans’ support, and families cheered from the stands.
Sentence Type: Compound Sentence
4. The fans went wild over every steal and goal during the game.
Sentence Type: Simple Sentence
One of the kids in the classroom liked to write poetry with a friend of his, so he decided to share the one he just finished with the rest of the students.
Sentence Type: ___________________________
Complex Sentence
thanks
You're welcome!
B. It includes a subject and a verb and can stand alone.
Which description defines a dependent clause?
A. It contains a subject and a verb but cannot stand alone.
B. It is a group of words containing a subject or a verb but not both
C. It can stand alone as a sentence
D. It expresses a complete thought.
A. It contains a subject and a verb but cannot stand alone.
Directions: Read the following sentences. Identify each as either simple, compound, or complex. Write your answer on the line.
1. The ducks and geese flew south. _________________
2. Some birds swam or hunted for grain. ________________
3. Although the tree squirrel is a wonderful acrobat, it sometimes misses its mark.
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4. Mr. Gleason runs a pet store, and his two children help him. ____________________
5. The store is closed on Sundays, Mondays, and holidays. ______________________
6. The cats are playmates, and both are good mouse hunters. ____________________
7. Tree squirrels, who are omnivores, can eat almost anything. ____________________
8. Many flocks of birds landed in a bird refuge. __________________________
1. Simple
2. Compound
3. Complex
4. Compound
5. Simple
6. Compound
7. Complex
8. Simple
Which option describes a complex sentence?
A. a sentence that contains two or more independent clauses joined with a comma and a conjunction
B. a sentence that contains at least two independent clauses and at least one dependent clause
C. a sentence that contains a subject and a verb and expresses a complete thought
D. a sentence that contains one independent clause and at least one dependent clause
Which option best describes a compound-complex sentence?
A. an independent and dependent clause
B. a subject and a verb
C. two or more independent clauses joined with a conjunction and a comma
D. two or more independent clauses and at least one dependent clause
Answer 1: D. a sentence that contains one independent clause and at least one dependent clause.
Answer 2: D. two or more independent clauses and at least one dependent clause.
What are the 7 coordinating conjunctions? Hint: They make the acronym FANBOYS.
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The 7 coordinating conjunctions are:
For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So (FANBOYS)
Directions: Use the sentence to answer the question.
Joe has enough money to buy the soccer ball or the soccer video game.
Which type of relationship does the conjunction “or” suggest?
A. a cause and effect
B. a choice
C. an outcome
D. a reason
I wanted to buy the movie, but I was a dollar short.
Which type of relationship does the conjunction but signal in the sentence?
A, contrasting outcome
B. gives a reason
C. additional information
D. rejection
Answer 1: B. a choice.
Answer 2: A. contrasting outcome.
Directions: Fill in the blank with the correct word or term.
A simple sentence is an _________________ _____________, which means that it includes a subject and verb and can stand alone as a sentence.
A _________________ __________________ is a sentence with at least two independent clauses joined by a ________________________.
You might use a ___________ _______________ which includes an independent clause and at least one ______________ _____________.
A ____________ _______________ _____________ also can be used to provide descriptive details when communicating thoughts and ideas.
Each type of _______________ can help you interact well with others and express relationships between ideas.
A simple sentence is an independent clause, which means that it includes a subject and verb and can stand alone as a sentence.
A compound sentence is a sentence with at least two independent clauses joined by a conjunction.
You might use a complex sentence which includes an independent clause and at least one dependent clause.
A subordinate conjunction also can be used to provide descriptive details when communicating thoughts and ideas.
Each type of conjunction can help you interact well with others and express relationships between ideas.
Use the chart in Lesson 5 to complete the chart below. Please write your OWN examples.
Sentence Structure
How Sentence Structure can be used
Your OWN example sentence
Simple Sentence
Complex Sentence
Compound Sentence
Sentence Structure: Simple Sentence
How Sentence Structure can be used: To express a complete thought in a clear and straightforward manner.
Your OWN example sentence: The sun shines brightly.
Sentence Structure: Complex Sentence
How Sentence Structure can be used: To show a dependent relationship between ideas, adding detail and specificity.
Your OWN example sentence: Although I studied hard, I did not get a good grade on the exam.
Sentence Structure: Compound Sentence
How Sentence Structure can be used: To link two independent clauses together, emphasizing their connection or similarity.
Your OWN example sentence: I love to read books, and I also enjoy watching movies.
Directions: Read each sentence. Correct the placement of the underlined modifiers by rewriting the sentences on the lines provided. If the sentence is correct, write “correct” on the line.
1. I wanted to play football badly.
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2. Luis asked questions about the test fewer than Shelia.
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3. Do you just want to play a game or go fishing?
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4. Ryan was bad at climbing trees because he always fell.
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1. I badly wanted to play football.
2. Shelia asked fewer questions about the test than Luis.
3. Correct.
4. Ryan was bad at climbing trees because he always fell down.
Directions: Use the sentence to answer the question.
I never miss Art Club meetings because I love to draw.
Which part of the sentence is an independent clause?
A. I love to draw
B. I never miss
C. I never miss Art Club meetings
D. because I love to draw
The store ran out of paper quickly because supplies were limited.
Which part of the sentence is a dependent clause?
A. because supplies were limited
B. supplies were limited
C. ran out of paper quickly
D. The store ran out of paper
I love going to the fair during the summer.
Which relationship exists between the clauses?
A. a relationship between a dependent clause and an independent clause
B. a relationship between two independent clauses
C. a relationship within a single independent clause
Answer 1: C. I never miss Art Club meetings.
Answer 2: A. because supplies were limited.
Answer 3: C. a relationship within a single independent clause.
Directions: Use the sentences to answer the question.
Maverick needed to go to the store. His dog wanted to go with him.
Which option best combines the two simple sentences into one compound sentence while maintaining the meaning of the original sentences?
A. Because Maverick needed to go to the store, his dog wanted to go with him.
B. Maverick needed to go to the store, and his dog wanted to go with him.
C. Because his dog wanted to go with him, Maverick needed to go to the store.
D. Maverick and his dog went to the store.
In one to two sentences, explain how using a variety of sentence types improves a story.
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Answer: B. Maverick needed to go to the store, and his dog wanted to go with him.
Using a variety of sentence types improves a story by adding variety and capturing the reader's attention. Different sentence types help create a sense of rhythm and pacing in the story, making it more engaging and interesting to read. Additionally, different types of sentences can be used to convey different tones, emotions, and ideas, helping to create a rich and nuanced narrative.
To show your understanding of the unit goals, write a paragraph about your favorite free-time activity. For example, where do you engage in this activity? When? How? Why do you like it so much? Why do you prefer it over other activities? How is the activity similar or different from your best friend’s favorite pastime? Check that you have capitalized and punctuated sentences correctly. Also, be sure to place the phrases and clauses appropriately and avoid shifts in pronoun number and person. Students MUST include the following:
One simple sentence
One compound sentence
One complex sentence
One compound-complex sentence
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