Which theory describes a sun-centered universe and planetary orbits around the sun?
Answer:
Heliocentric
To get the answer to this question, we can break it down into two parts: identifying the theory and understanding its description.
First, we need to determine which theory describes a sun-centered universe and planetary orbits around the sun. To do this, we can recall the historical context of scientific understanding of the universe. In the past, there were two major theories regarding the organization of celestial bodies: geocentric and heliocentric.
The geocentric theory, which was proposed by the ancient Greek astronomer Ptolemy, claimed that the Earth was the center of the universe, with the sun, moon, planets, and stars orbiting around it.
On the other hand, the heliocentric theory, which was proposed by the Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus in the 16th century, stated that the sun was the center of the universe, with the planets, including Earth, revolving around it.
Based on this information, it is clear that the theory that describes a sun-centered universe and planetary orbits around the sun is the heliocentric theory.
So, the answer to the question is "Heliocentric."