A tropical rain forest may be unable to be returned to its original

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Lesson 8: Ecosystem Changes Over Time
Biology A Unit 4: Ecology

1. What is one difference between primary and secondary succession?
a. Primary succession begins on soil and primary succession is slow
b. 𝐒𝐞𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐝𝐚𝐫𝐲 𝐬𝐮𝐜𝐜𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐛𝐞𝐠𝐢𝐧𝐬 𝐨𝐧 𝐬𝐨𝐢𝐥 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐩𝐫𝐢𝐦𝐚𝐫𝐲 𝐬𝐮𝐜𝐜𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐛𝐞𝐠𝐢𝐧𝐬 𝐨𝐧 𝐧𝐞𝐰𝐥𝐲 𝐞𝐱𝐩𝐨𝐬𝐞𝐝 𝐬𝐮𝐫𝐟𝐚𝐜𝐞𝐬
c. Primary succession modifies the environment and secondary succession does not
d. Secondary succession begins with lichens and primary succession begins with trees
B is the correct option ^

2. A tropical rain forest may be unable to be returned to its original climax community after which of the following disturbances?
a. Burning of a forest fire
b. 𝐜𝐥𝐞𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐧𝐠 & 𝐟𝐚𝐫𝐦𝐢𝐧𝐠
c. volcanic eruption
d. flooding after a hurricane
B is the correct option ^

3. Which of the following occurs during the ecological succession of an ecosystem?
a. An ecosytem reaches a final, unchanging stage
b. Animals move out of the ecosystem until succession is complete
c. 𝐋𝐢𝐯𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐨𝐫𝐠𝐚𝐧𝐢𝐬𝐦𝐬 𝐦𝐨𝐝𝐢𝐟𝐲 𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐢𝐫 𝐞𝐧𝐯𝐢𝐫𝐨𝐧𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐚 𝐥𝐢𝐭𝐭𝐥𝐞 𝐚𝐭 𝐚 𝐭𝐢𝐦𝐞
d. parts of the communities split off to form new communities
C is the correct option ^

4. A parking lot paved with asphalt is abandoned. Describe the parking lot 5 years after its abandonment.
a. The asphalt remains intact but is buried under dirt and leaves
b. 𝐋𝐚𝐫𝐠𝐞 𝐩𝐚𝐭𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐬𝐩𝐡𝐚𝐥𝐭 𝐫𝐞𝐦𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐛𝐮𝐭 𝐬𝐦𝐚𝐥𝐥 𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐭𝐬 𝐠𝐫𝐨𝐰 𝐢𝐧 𝐦𝐚𝐧𝐲 𝐜𝐫𝐚𝐜𝐤𝐬 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐚𝐬𝐩𝐡𝐚𝐥𝐭
c. The asphalt is gone and a forest covers the area
d. The asphalt remains intact but is covered with logs and dead tree branches
The correct option is B ^

5. Rank the following disturbances to a forest area in order of the length of time (shortest to longest) needed for recovery of the forest
a. Logging, ice storm, tornado
b. 𝐈𝐜𝐞 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐦, 𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐧𝐚𝐝𝐨, 𝐥𝐨𝐠𝐠𝐢𝐧𝐠
c. Tornado, logging, ice storm
d.Tornado, Ice storm, Logging
The correct option above is B for the fourth time.

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To determine which disturbance may prevent a tropical rain forest from returning to its original climax community, let's first understand the concept of a climax community.

A climax community refers to the stable and mature ecosystem that is characteristic of a particular region. It has achieved a balance among the various plant and animal species, which support each other in a sustainable manner. The original climax community for a tropical rain forest consists of a diverse array of plant species, ranging from canopy trees to understory plants, along with various animal species.

Now, let's consider the possible disturbances that can affect a tropical rain forest:

1. Deforestation: This involves the clearance of trees and vegetation in a forest, primarily for purposes such as agriculture, logging, or infrastructure development. Deforestation can significantly disrupt the ecological balance of a rain forest, leading to the loss of plant and animal species. However, if deforestation is stopped and appropriate conservation efforts are undertaken, it is possible to restore the rain forest to its original climax community over a long period of time.

2. Fire: Forest fires can occur naturally or be caused by human activities. While fires can cause extensive damage to a rain forest and result in the loss of certain species, many tropical rain forest plant species have evolved to adapt to fire, and the ecosystem is generally resilient. Given sufficient time and suitable environmental conditions, a rain forest can recover and return to its original climax community after a fire.

3. Climate change: The alteration of temperature, precipitation patterns, and other climatic factors due to climate change can significantly impact tropical rain forests. This can lead to shifts in plant distributions, changes in species composition, and may hinder the regrowth and recovery necessary for the forest to return to its original climax community. However, the ability of a rain forest to recover in the face of climate change depends on various factors, such as the severity and duration of the changes, as well as the adaptability of its species.

4. Pollution: Pollution, particularly from sources such as chemical spills, can have devastating effects on tropical rain forests. It can cause extensive damage to plants, animals, and the soil, making it difficult for the ecosystem to regenerate and return to its original climax community.

Considering these disturbances, the one that may make it unable to return a tropical rain forest to its original climax community is likely deforestation. Deforestation involves the removal of the original forest cover, leading to the loss of vital plant and animal species. The subsequent introduction of non-native species or altered environmental conditions can impede or prevent the recovery of the ecosystem, inhibiting the return to the original climax community.

Therefore, it is crucial to prioritize conservation efforts and halt deforestation in order to maintain and restore tropical rain forests to their original climax communities.