what is the procedure for giving an electroscope a positive charge by conduction?
The procedure for giving an electroscope a positive charge by conduction involves the following steps:
1. Start with a neutral electroscope (with no excess charge) and a positively charged object, such as a glass rod that has been rubbed with silk or a positively charged polyethylene strip.
2. Secure the electroscope on a non-conductive surface or stand.
3. Ground the electroscope by touching its metal stem with your finger. This will establish a connection with the ground, allowing any excess charges to flow to or from the ground as necessary.
4. Bring the positively charged object near (but not touching) the metal cap or top of the electroscope without removing your finger from the metal stem. This will cause the electrons in the electroscope to be attracted to the charged object, leaving a net positive charge on the electroscope.
5. While still holding the charged object near the electroscope, remove your finger from the metal stem. This will break the connection to the ground, trapping the positive charge on the electroscope.
6. Slowly move the positively charged object away from the electroscope. The leaves (thin metal foils) at the bottom of the electroscope will repel each other due to the presence of the positive charge. The greater the positive charge, the more the leaves will repel each other.
7. The electroscope is now positively charged by conduction. You can use this charged electroscope to investigate the nature of the charges present in other objects by bringing them close to the electroscope and observing whether the leaves repel or attract each other further.
Here is a step-by-step procedure for giving an electroscope a positive charge by conduction:
1. Gather the necessary materials: You will need an electroscope (a device used to detect the presence and magnitude of electric charge), a positively charged object (e.g., a glass rod rubbed with silk), and a conductor (e.g., a metal rod or wire).
2. Ensure that the electroscope is initially uncharged: Before beginning the procedure, make sure the electroscope does not have any residual charge. This can be done by touching the metal leaf or disk of the electroscope with your hand to discharge it.
3. Bring the positively charged object close to the electroscope: Hold the positively charged object near the metal disk or leaf of the electroscope without touching it. As opposite charges attract, the positive charges on the object will separate the charges in the electroscope, causing some of the negative charges to move to the metal leaf or disk.
4. Touch the electroscope with a conductor: While keeping the positively charged object near the metal disk or leaf, touch the electroscope with a conductor. This can be done by briefly bringing a metal rod or wire in contact with the metal disk or leaf.
5. Observe the electroscope: After touching the electroscope with the conductor, remove the positively charged object and the conductor. The electroscope should now be left with a positive charge. The metal leaf or disk should be repelled, indicating the presence of a positive charge.
It is important to note that throughout this process, try to minimize unnecessary contact with the electroscope or any other objects that could transfer charge. Also, ensure that the electroscope is insulated from the surroundings to avoid any charge leakage.
To charge an electroscope positively by conduction, you need a charged object, such as a positively charged rod or a positively charged balloon. The procedure involves the following steps:
1. Start with an uncharged electroscope. An electroscope typically consists of a metal rod or a cylinder connected to a metal plate or leaf at the bottom and two thin metal leaves hanging down from the top.
2. Hold the charged object (a positively charged rod or balloon) near the top end of the electroscope without touching it. The charges on the object will induce opposite charges on the metal leaves of the electroscope.
3. Bring the charged object in contact with the top of the electroscope. This will allow the charges to transfer from the object to the electroscope. As a result, the electroscope acquires a positive charge.
4. Remove the charged object from the vicinity of the electroscope. The electroscope will then remain positively charged.
It's important to note that during the conduction process, charges are transferred from the charged object to the electroscope through direct contact, allowing the electroscope to acquire the same type of charge as the charged object.