Viruses to plants review practice answers!!!
1.by shape,how they move,and how they get energy
2.is destroyed when it bursts
3.the makeup of their cell walls
4.todays protists and plants,fungi,and animals have an ancient common ancestor
5.like protists,they are eukaryotic
6.aid in the absotption of water and minerals
7.most plants get the water they need from soil
8.an organism similar to green algae
9. The sporophyte
10.sepals and petals
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B. chemoautotrophs
A. They should use antibiotics only when necessary.
B. conserve water
D. The gametophyte has become smaller, and the sporophyte has become larger
D. dry areas on land
D. grow close to the ground
D. a triploid cell
A. They are tiny
C. lyse the host cell right away
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1. By shape, how they move, and how they get energy:
To determine the shape of viruses that infect plants, you can observe them under an electron microscope. Viruses can have various shapes such as helical, icosahedral, or complex. Regarding their movement, viruses do not have any independent means of mobility. They move by hijacking the host plant's cellular machinery. As for their energy source, viruses do not possess their own metabolism, so they rely on the host plant's resources for energy.
2. Is destroyed when it bursts:
When a virus infects a plant cell and reproduces within it, the cell eventually becomes filled with newly produced virus particles. This excessive accumulation of viruses causes the host plant cell to burst, leading to the destruction of both the infected cell and the viruses within.
3. The makeup of their cell walls:
Viruses do not have cell walls like bacteria or plant cells. They consist of a protein coat called a capsid, which protects the viral genetic material. Some viruses might also have an outer lipid envelope derived from the host cell's membrane.
4. Today's protists and plants, fungi, and animals have an ancient common ancestor:
To understand the common ancestry among protists, plants, fungi, and animals, you can analyze their genetic and evolutionary relationships. This is done by comparing DNA sequences and constructing phylogenetic trees based on shared traits and genetic similarities. By studying their fossil records, scientists have found evidence indicating that all these groups trace back to a single common ancestor.
5. Like protists, they are eukaryotic:
To determine if viruses that infect plants are eukaryotic, you need to understand the characteristics of eukaryotic organisms. Eukaryotes are defined by their possession of a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Viruses, however, are not considered living organisms and do not possess the structures typically associated with prokaryotes or eukaryotes.
6. Aid in the absorption of water and minerals:
In plants, the root hairs and the mycorrhizal fungi present in the soil play a significant role in the absorption of water and minerals. Root hairs increase the surface area for absorption, while mycorrhizal fungi form a mutualistic relationship with plant roots, helping in nutrient uptake from the soil.
7. Most plants get the water they need from the soil:
Plants obtain water through their root systems. When the roots come into contact with soil particles, they absorb water through osmosis and take up dissolved nutrients along with it. This water is then transported through the plant's vascular system to reach the rest of the plant, fulfilling its hydration requirements.
8. An organism similar to green algae:
To find an organism similar to green algae, you can explore various groups within the plant kingdom. Some examples include Chlamydomonas, Spirogyra, and Ulva. These organisms share similarities with green algae in terms of their pigmentation, photosynthetic abilities, and cell structure.
9. The sporophyte:
The sporophyte is a phase in the life cycle of plants. It is the diploid, spore-producing stage that follows fertilization. In this stage, the plant produces spores through a process called meiosis. These spores eventually develop into the haploid gametophyte, completing the plant's life cycle.
10. Sepals and petals:
To identify the components of a flower, you can analyze its structure. The sepals and petals are two essential parts. Sepals are usually green and protect the unopened flower bud. Petals, on the other hand, are usually colorful and attract pollinators for the purpose of reproduction. They are often arranged in whorls or circles around the reproductive organs of the flower.