What were some key technological advancements in weaponry during the Hundred Years' War that increased the lethality of warfare?
During the Hundred Years' War (1337-1453), several technological advancements in weaponry emerged that significantly increased the lethality of warfare. Here are some key examples:
1. Longbow: The English longbow was a crucial weapon that revolutionized ranged combat. Made of yew wood, it had greater range, accuracy, and penetration power compared to earlier bows. Skilled archers could unleash a barrage of arrows, causing devastating casualties to enemy infantry and cavalry.
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2. Cannons: The use of cannons in warfare began during this period and played a fundamental role in sieges. These early cannons were made of iron and operated by igniting gunpowder. Their ability to breach fortified walls and structures reshaped the dynamics of warfare by reducing the effectiveness of defensive fortifications.
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3. Plate Armor: The development of full plate armor, often associated with knights of the period, provided exceptional protection against arrows, melee weapons, and even early firearms. It was composed of metal plates that covered the entire body, offering increased mobility and defense.
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4. Firearms: Although still relatively unreliable and slow to load, the introduction of early firearms during this era marked a significant shift in warfare. Weapons like the arquebus and other early matchlock firearms became prevalent on the battlefield alongside traditional weapons such as longbows and crossbows.
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In summary, the key technological advancements in weaponry during the Hundred Years' War that increased the lethality of warfare were the longbow, cannons, plate armor, and early firearms. To find more information about each specific weapon and its impact, you can search using the provided keywords or consult reputable historical sources.