In aviation, what are the jargon and terms used for different types of approach and landing maneuvers?
In aviation, there are several jargon and terms used for different types of approach and landing maneuvers. Here are some of the most common ones:
1. Visual Approach: This is an approach where the pilot navigates and lands the aircraft visually, without relying on navigation instruments.
2. Instrument Approach: This is an approach where the pilot uses navigation instruments, such as radio navigation aids or GPS, to navigate and land the aircraft.
3. ILS Approach: ILS stands for Instrument Landing System. It is a precision approach system that provides lateral and vertical guidance to the pilot during the final approach to the runway.
4. VOR Approach: VOR stands for VHF Omnidirectional Range. It is a radio navigation aid that provides a radial course for the pilot to follow during the approach.
5. NDB Approach: NDB stands for Non-Directional Beacon. It is another type of radio navigation aid that provides guidance to the pilot during the approach.
6. RNAV Approach: RNAV stands for Area Navigation. It is a navigation system that allows the pilot to fly a desired path through a combination of on-board navigation equipment and computer-aided navigation data.
7. Visual Circling Approach: This is an approach where the pilot visually navigates around the airport before landing on a runway that is not aligned with the approach path.
8. Precision Approach: This is an approach where the pilot follows precise guidance, such as ILS or MLS, to make a precise landing on the runway.
9. Non-Precision Approach: This is an approach where the pilot uses less precise guidance, such as VOR or NDB, and relies on altimeter and a limited set of instruments to navigate and make a landing.
To further explore and understand these terms, you can refer to aviation textbooks, flight training manuals, or consult qualified aviation instructors who can provide in-depth explanations and guidance.
In aviation, several jargon and terms are used to describe different types of approach and landing maneuvers. Here are some of the common ones:
1. Visual Approach: This is an approach and landing maneuver where the pilot follows visual references to navigate the aircraft to the runway. The pilot must have the runway or the preceding aircraft in sight throughout the approach.
2. Instrument Approach: This approach is flown using instruments, such as navigation aids and instruments on the aircraft's panel, without relying on visual references. There are various types of instrument approaches, including:
a. ILS (Instrument Landing System) Approach: This type of approach uses radio signals from ground-based navigational aids to guide the aircraft to a precise point on the runway. It provides lateral and vertical guidance to the pilot.
b. VOR (VHF Omnidirectional Range) Approach: VOR is a type of radio navigation system that uses ground-based transmitters to provide direction to the aircraft. The VOR approach utilizes these signals to guide the aircraft to the specified runway.
c. GPS (Global Positioning System) Approach: This approach uses GPS satellites to provide guidance to the aircraft during the approach and landing phase. GPS approaches are becoming more common due to the increasing accuracy and availability of GPS technology.
d. NDB (Non-Directional Beacon) Approach: NDB is another ground-based radio navigation aid that provides direction to the aircraft. NDB approaches are less accurate but can be useful in areas where other navigation aids are limited.
3. Circling Approach: This maneuver is used when the runway in use is not aligned with the aircraft's approach path or when weather conditions require a different approach path. The pilot circles the airport, maintaining visual contact with the runway while descending to a lower altitude to align with the runway for landing.
4. Missed Approach: If, during the approach, the pilot determines that the landing cannot be safely completed, they initiate a missed approach. This involves discontinuing the approach and climbing away from the runway, following a specific procedure published for that airport or approach.
5. Touch-and-Go: This is a training maneuver where the pilot lands the aircraft on the runway, immediately takes off again without stopping, and then performs another approach and landing. It helps pilots practice landings and takeoffs in a continuous sequence.
These are just a few examples of the jargon and terms used in aviation for different types of approach and landing maneuvers. There are more specific terms and procedures that depend on the type of aircraft, airport, and prevailing conditions.