How did the acquisition of Alaska impact President James Garfield and his successor Chester A. Arthur?
The acquisition of Alaska did not directly impact President James Garfield, as it occurred after his presidency ended. However, it had a significant effect on his successor, Chester A. Arthur. To understand this impact, let's go through the steps to gather the necessary information:
1. Start by researching the timeline:
- Look up the acquisition of Alaska, including the specific dates and circumstances.
- Find out when James Garfield served as President of the United States.
- Determine when Chester A. Arthur served as President.
2. Analyze the historical context:
- Understand the reasons behind the acquisition of Alaska, such as geopolitical strategy, natural resources, and economic opportunities.
- Consider any challenges or controversies related to the purchase.
3. Evaluate the presidential terms and accomplishments:
- Examine James Garfield's presidency by researching major events, policies, and achievements during his time in office.
- Do the same for Chester A. Arthur's presidency.
By following these steps, we can gather the relevant information to answer the question and gain an understanding of the impact on President Arthur.
The acquisition of Alaska had a limited direct impact on President James Garfield and his successor Chester A. Arthur. However, it did play a role in shaping their policies and the overall reputation of their administration. Here's a step-by-step explanation:
1. Acquisition of Alaska: In 1867, the United States purchased Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million. At the time, the acquisition was met with skepticism and ridicule by many Americans, who referred to it as "Seward's Folly" after Secretary of State William H. Seward, who negotiated the deal.
2. Garfield's presidency: James Garfield served as the 20th President of the United States from March to September 1881. During his brief time in office, the issue of Alaska did not play a significant role in his presidency. His focus was primarily on civil service reform and economic policies.
3. Arthur's presidency: Chester A. Arthur became the 21st President of the United States after Garfield's assassination in September 1881. While Alaska was not a central issue during Arthur's presidency, its acquisition did influence his administration's approach to foreign policy.
4. Diplomatic relations: The acquisition of Alaska helped improve diplomatic relations between the United States and Russia. This positive relationship continued during Arthur's administration, and Alaska became a symbol of expanding American influence and territory.
5. Economic considerations: One of the benefits of acquiring Alaska was its vast natural resources, including gold, timber, and fish. As President, Arthur worked to promote economic development in Alaska, including the development of mining industries.
6. Expansionist ideology: The acquisition of Alaska aligned with the expansionist ideology prevalent during the late 19th century, which aimed to expand American influence and territory. By endorsing and reinforcing Alaska's acquisition, both Garfield and Arthur supported this ideology.
In summary, while the acquisition of Alaska did not have a direct impact on President Garfield or President Arthur, it did shape their administration's stance on foreign policy, economic development, and expansionist ideals.