What is the molarity of a solution of sodium hydroxide, NaOH, if 23.64 mL of this solution is needed to neutralize 0.5632 g of potassium hydrogen phthalate (KNaP)?
To find the molarity of the sodium hydroxide solution, we need to use the equation:
Molarity (M) = (moles of solute) / (volume of solution in liters)
First, we need to calculate the moles of potassium hydrogen phthalate (KNaP) using its molar mass. The molar mass of KNaP is the sum of the atomic masses of its individual elements: potassium (K), sodium (Na), and phthalate (C8H5O4).
Molar mass of KNaP:
K = 39.1 g/mol
Na = 22.99 g/mol
C = 12.01 g/mol
H = 1.01 g/mol
O = 16.00 g/mol
Adding them up:
Molar mass of KNaP = (39.1 + 22.99 + 12.01*8 + 1.01*5 + 16.00*4) g/mol
Next, we can calculate the moles of KNaP by dividing the given mass of KNaP (0.5632 g) by its molar mass.
moles of KNaP = (0.5632 g) / (molar mass of KNaP) mol
To convert the volume of the solution from milliliters to liters, we divide by 1000:
Volume of solution (in liters) = 23.64 mL / 1000 mL/L
Finally, we can use the formula for molarity to find the answer:
Molarity (M) = (moles of KNaP) / (volume of solution in liters)
Now you can plug in the values into the equation to find the molarity of the sodium hydroxide solution.
To find the molarity of the sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution, we need to use the balanced chemical equation between NaOH and potassium hydrogen phthalate (KNaP).
The balanced equation is as follows:
2 NaOH + KHC8H4O4 → KNaC8H4O4 + 2 H2O
From the equation, we can see that it takes 2 moles of NaOH to react with 1 mole of KNaP.
First, we need to find the number of moles of KNaP used in the reaction:
Molar mass of KHC8H4O4 (KNaP) = 1 * (39.1) + 1 * (1.0) + 12 * (8.0) + 4 * (1.0) = 204.22 g/mol
Number of moles = mass (g) / molar mass (g/mol)
Number of moles = 0.5632 g / 204.22 g/mol
Next, we need to find the number of moles of NaOH used in the reaction:
From the balanced equation, we know that the ratio of moles of NaOH to KNaP is 2:1.
Number of moles of NaOH = (2/1) * (number of moles of KNaP)
Finally, we can calculate the molarity (M) of NaOH solution:
Molarity (M) = Number of moles of NaOH / Volume of solution (L)
However, we need to convert the volume of the solution (23.64 mL) to liters:
Volume of solution (L) = 23.64 mL / 1000 mL/L
Once we have the volume in liters, we can substitute the values into the equation to find the molarity:
Molarity (M) = (Number of moles of NaOH) / (Volume of solution in liters)
Now, let's calculate the result step-by-step:
1. Number of moles of KNaP:
Number of moles = 0.5632 g / 204.22 g/mol
2. Number of moles of NaOH:
Number of moles of NaOH = (2/1) * (number of moles of KNaP)
3. Volume of solution (in liters):
Volume of solution (L) = 23.64 mL / 1000 mL/L
4. Molarity (M):
Molarity (M) = (Number of moles of NaOH) / (Volume of solution in liters)
Now, you can substitute the values into the equation to find the molarity of the NaOH solution.