Design an experiment to verify that new substances are formed and heat is
released or absorbed during a chemical reaction.
i dont know what experiment to do and im stuck please help :(
What are we supposed to do as an experiment??
Sure, I can help you design an experiment to verify the formation of new substances and the release or absorption of heat during a chemical reaction. Here's a simple experiment you can try:
Materials Needed:
- Two small beakers or cups
- Thermometer
- Measuring cylinder or graduated cylinder
- Stirring rod
- Stopwatch or timer
- Various substances to test (e.g., Vinegar, Baking soda, Hydrochloric acid, Magnesium ribbon, etc.)
- Safety goggles and gloves (to ensure safety)
Procedure:
1. Put on your safety goggles and gloves to ensure your safety throughout the experiment.
2. Fill the measuring cylinder with a specific amount of water (e.g., 100 mL) and note the initial temperature of the water.
3. Pour the water from the measuring cylinder into one of the small beakers or cups.
4. Add one substance you want to test (e.g., vinegar) into the beaker with the water.
5. Stir the mixture gently and observe any changes in the temperature of the mixture using the thermometer. Note any indications of heat release or absorption.
6. Record the maximum temperature reached by the mixture and the time it took to reach that temperature.
7. Repeat steps 2-6 for each substance you want to test, using a fresh sample of water for each test.
8. Compare the temperature changes observed for each substance. If the temperature increased significantly, it suggests that heat was released during the reaction. If the temperature decreased significantly, it suggests that heat was absorbed. These changes indicate a chemical reaction occurred.
9. Take note of any other visible changes that occurred during the experiment, such as the formation of gas bubbles, color changes, or precipitates. These are additional indicators that a chemical reaction took place.
Important Considerations:
- Be cautious while handling chemicals and follow proper safety precautions.
- Control variables by maintaining the same initial water temperature, same measurement volume, and ensuring the substances are added in equal amounts.
- Conduct the experiment in a controlled environment, away from open flames or combustible materials.
- Consult appropriate references, such as safety data sheets, to understand the potential hazards associated with the substances you are using.
Remember, the purpose of the experiment is to observe any temperature changes and other visible indicators that suggest a chemical reaction has taken place. By comparing the results of different substances tested, you can determine which reactions produce new substances and release or absorb heat.