Explain why ice is formed on the aluminium lumps and not on the walls of the beaker

Pls I really need the answer to this question

Ice is formed on the aluminum lumps and not on the walls of the beaker because of a process known as nucleation. Nucleation is the initial formation of ice crystals, and it requires a starting point or a "nucleus" for the ice crystals to grow on.

In this case, the aluminum lumps provide a rough surface which serves as a nucleus for ice formation. The rough surface of the aluminum creates more contact points for water molecules to adhere to, allowing ice crystals to form more easily.

On the other hand, the walls of the beaker are typically smooth and have fewer contact points for water molecules to adhere to. As a result, the nucleation process is hindered, and ice does not readily form on the walls.

This phenomenon can also be observed in other situations. For example, when water is supercooled below its freezing point, the introduction of an ice crystal or a rough surface can trigger rapid ice formation. This is the principle behind ice cubes, where a small plastic tray with rough surfaces is used to facilitate the formation of ice.

In summary, ice forms on aluminum lumps and not on the walls of the beaker due to the presence of a rough surface on the aluminum, which provides more contact points for ice crystals to form.