Provide 2 reasons with 2 examples: why it is important to have a strict code of ethics in anthropology and other social sciences compared to more purely scientific disciplines such as chemistry or physics.
Having a strict code of ethics is crucial in anthropology and other social sciences compared to more purely scientific disciplines like chemistry or physics. Two reasons for this are:
1. Ethical considerations regarding human subjects: Anthropology and social sciences often involve studying human behavior, societies, and cultures. Interacting with human subjects raises important ethical concerns related to privacy, informed consent, and potential harm. By having a strict code of ethics, researchers in these fields are required to ensure the rights and well-being of their participants are protected. For example, anthropologists need to obtain informed consent from individuals before conducting interviews, participating in observations, or collecting personal data. They must also prioritize the confidentiality and anonymity of their research participants. In contrast, disciplines like chemistry or physics primarily deal with non-human subjects or phenomena, where ethical considerations may not be as prevalent or intense.
2. Power dynamics and potential harm: Social sciences often study marginalized or vulnerable populations, such as indigenous communities or disadvantaged groups. Such research can potentially impact the lives and rights of these individuals, raising concerns about exploitation, misrepresentation, or cultural insensitivity. A strict code of ethics helps to prevent harm by requiring anthropologists and social scientists to recognize and address power imbalances, ensure cultural sensitivity, and foster respectful collaboration with communities. For instance, when studying indigenous communities, researchers need to establish trust, offer reciprocity, and acknowledge sovereignty to prevent any negative consequences or exploitation. In contrast, in purely scientific disciplines like chemistry or physics, the potential harm to human subjects may not be as direct or significant.
In conclusion, the strict code of ethics in anthropology and other social sciences is essential because they deal with human subjects and often study vulnerable populations. These disciplines require researchers to navigate complex ethical considerations, protect participant rights, and minimize potential harm. Compared to more purely scientific disciplines, the human-centric nature of social sciences demands a more stringent ethical framework.