The length of a radius is 10 inches. If the measure of one chord is 12in. and the measure of the other is 16in., how much closer to the center is the chord that measures 16 than the one that measures 12?

Remember that for each chord , a perpendicular from the centre will right-bisect the chord

so if you let the height to the shorter chord be h1, and the height form the centre to the longer chord be h2
you have two right-angled triangles,
the first one sides 6, h1, and hypotenuse 10,
the second one sides, 8, h2 and 10
find h1 and h2 using Pythagoras, then take the difference between h1 and h2