Can you help me with these please?
In general, is the boiling point of a polar liquid likely to be higher or lower than that of a nonpolar liquid of about the same mass?
What, if any, is the correlation between electronegatively and reactivity?
Thanks in advance.
The polar molecules attract each other strongly, so it takes more kinetic energy for them to break free. Average KE is temperature.
Reactivity? Strong electronegativty differences mean strong energy.
So are you saying the polar would have a higher boiling point?
yes
okay thanks
You're welcome! Yes, generally speaking, the boiling point of a polar liquid is likely to be higher than that of a nonpolar liquid of similar mass. This is because polar molecules have a dipole moment and exhibit intermolecular forces called hydrogen bonding or dipole-dipole interactions. These forces are stronger compared to the weaker van der Waals forces in nonpolar substances.
To understand why polar liquids have a higher boiling point, it's helpful to know that boiling happens when the vapor pressure of a liquid becomes equal to the atmospheric pressure. The intermolecular forces between polar molecules are stronger, so more energy is required to break these forces and convert the liquid into a gas. As a result, polar liquids tend to have higher boiling points.
Now, moving on to the correlation between electronegativity and reactivity. Electronegativity refers to the tendency of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond. Reactivity, on the other hand, refers to how readily a substance undergoes a chemical reaction.
In general, there is a correlation between high electronegativity and increased reactivity. When atoms or molecules have a high electronegativity difference, such as in ionic or polar covalent compounds, there is a greater potential for electron transfer or polarity. This can lead to more chemical reactions and reactivity.
Keep in mind that reactivity is influenced by multiple factors, including the presence of other elements or functional groups in a compound, temperature, and the nature of the reaction itself. Electronegativity is just one aspect that can contribute to reactivity, but it is not the only determining factor.
I hope this explanation helps! If you have any more questions, feel free to ask.