How would temperature changes observed using a calorimeter differ for
exothermic and endothermic reactions?
This looks obvious to me.
Exothermic reactions release heat so the heat to the calorimeter increases and the temperature goes up inside. T rises.
Endothermic reactions absorb heat (where does the heat come from) so the calorimeter loses heat and the temperature goes down inside. T falls.
When using a calorimeter to measure temperature changes in reactions, there are distinct differences between exothermic and endothermic reactions:
1. Exothermic Reactions:
- Exothermic reactions release energy in the form of heat to the surroundings.
- In a calorimeter, an exothermic reaction will cause an increase in temperature.
- The temperature of the reaction mixture in the calorimeter will rise as the reaction progresses.
- The surroundings will experience a warming effect due to the heat released by the reaction.
- The change in temperature will be positive, indicating an increase in heat content.
2. Endothermic Reactions:
- Endothermic reactions absorb energy in the form of heat from the surroundings.
- In a calorimeter, an endothermic reaction will cause a decrease in temperature.
- The temperature of the reaction mixture in the calorimeter will drop as the reaction proceeds.
- The surroundings will experience a cooling effect due to the heat absorbed by the reaction.
- The change in temperature will be negative, indicating a decrease in heat content.
In summary, exothermic reactions result in a temperature increase, whereas endothermic reactions cause a temperature decrease when observed using a calorimeter.
To observe temperature changes using a calorimeter, the calorimeter measures the heat absorbed or released during a chemical reaction. The difference in temperature changes for exothermic and endothermic reactions can be explained as follows:
1. Exothermic Reactions: In an exothermic reaction, heat is released to the surroundings as a product of the reaction. This heat is transferred to the calorimeter, resulting in an increase in temperature. The temperature change observed in a calorimeter for an exothermic reaction would be an increase or a rise in temperature.
2. Endothermic Reactions: On the other hand, in an endothermic reaction, heat is absorbed from the surroundings to drive the reaction. This heat is absorbed by the reactants, causing the temperature of the system to decrease. Consequently, the temperature change observed in a calorimeter for an endothermic reaction would be a decrease or a drop in temperature.
It is important to note that the temperature change observed in a calorimeter depends on the magnitude of the energy exchange (heat) during the reaction. The greater the heat released or absorbed, the larger the temperature change that will be observed in the calorimeter.
In summary, exothermic reactions result in a temperature increase, while endothermic reactions result in a temperature decrease when observed using a calorimeter.