The electrolyte from a car battery has H2S04 (aq) concentration of 4.5 per mol per litre and a density of 1.18g per ml
What is the percentage by mass of H2S04 in the electrolyte?
do you mean 4.5 mol per liter? This has absolutely no meaning:
concentration of 4.5 per mol per litre
Apologies for the confusion in the wording of the question. Yes, when it is stated that the concentration is 4.5 per mol per litre, it means 4.5 mol per liter. To find the percentage by mass of H2SO4 in the electrolyte, we can follow these steps:
Step 1: Calculate the molar mass of H2SO4:
H = 1.01 g/mol (hydrogen)
S = 32.07 g/mol (sulfur)
O = 16.00 g/mol (oxygen)
Molar mass of H2SO4 = (2 * H) + S + (4 * O) = 98.09 g/mol
Step 2: Calculate the mass of H2SO4 in 1 liter of the electrolyte:
Concentration of H2SO4 = 4.5 mol/L
Mass of H2SO4 in 1 L = Concentration * Molar mass = 4.5 mol/L * 98.09 g/mol = 441.40 g/L
Step 3: Convert the given density from grams per milliliter to grams per liter:
Given density = 1.18 g/mL
Density in grams per liter = Density * 1000 mL/L = 1.18 g/mL * 1000 mL/L = 1180 g/L
Step 4: Calculate the percentage by mass:
Percentage by mass = (Mass of H2SO4 / Mass of electrolyte) * 100
= (441.40 g / 1180 g) * 100
= 37.40%
Therefore, the percentage by mass of H2SO4 in the electrolyte is approximately 37.40%.