Hormones are _____?

a) produced only in response to environmental stress
b) are all under the control of the pituitary gland
c) signals that must interact with DNA in order to be effective
d) always proteins

I feel like it is b) because hormone receptors are always proteins, but I am not quite sure.

yes its hard to pick between b and d.

your welcome

To determine the correct answer, we can break down each option and analyze it.

a) Hormones are not exclusively produced in response to environmental stress. While stress can impact hormone levels, hormones are produced in various circumstances, including normal physiological functions.

b) This statement is also incorrect. While the pituitary gland is a major gland involved in the production and regulation of hormones, not all hormones are under its control. Hormones are produced by various glands and organs throughout the body.

c) This statement is partially correct. Hormones can indeed interact with DNA to affect gene expression. However, not all hormones require this interaction to be effective. Different hormones can exert their effects through various mechanisms.

d) This statement is incorrect. Hormones can be proteins, but they can also be peptides, steroids, or amines. They belong to diverse chemical classes and can have different structures.

Therefore, based on the analysis, none of the given options accurately describe hormones.