what happens when there is excess of glucose in the blood?
please give the answer big and simple bcz im an 8th standard student
This site is easy to understand.
http://www.pueblo.gsa.gov/cic_text/health/noninsulin-diabetes/check.htm
When there is an excess of glucose in the blood, it usually means that the blood sugar level is higher than normal. This condition is called hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia can occur for several reasons, such as not producing enough insulin (a hormone that helps regulate blood sugar levels) or not using insulin properly.
Here's a simple way to understand what happens when there is excess glucose in the blood:
1. Normally, when we eat food, our body breaks down carbohydrates into glucose, which is a type of sugar that provides energy to our cells.
2. The pancreas, an organ in our body, releases insulin into the blood to help glucose enter our cells.
3. Insulin acts like a key to unlock the cells, allowing glucose to move from the blood into the cells, where it is used for energy.
4. However, if there is not enough insulin or if the body does not respond properly to insulin, glucose cannot enter the cells effectively. As a result, glucose builds up in the bloodstream, leading to high blood sugar levels.
When there is excess glucose in the blood for an extended period, it can cause several issues:
1. Increased thirst and frequent urination: When blood sugar levels are high, the kidneys try to remove the excess glucose by flushing it out through urine, leading to increased urination. This can make the person feel thirsty more often.
2. Fatigue: The body struggles to use the available glucose effectively, so cells do not receive enough energy, making a person feel tired.
3. Blurred vision: High blood sugar levels can affect the lenses in the eyes, causing temporary changes in vision.
4. Slow wound healing: High blood sugar levels can impair the body's ability to heal wounds since glucose is not reaching the cells properly.
5. Long-term complications: If high blood sugar levels persist for a long time without proper management, it can lead to more serious health problems like heart disease, nerve damage, kidney damage, and eye problems.
It's important for individuals with diabetes or those who suspect they have high blood sugar to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and management. Regular exercise, a balanced diet, and appropriate medication can help manage glucose levels and prevent complications.