To make a 5.0L solution that is 38.8% NaCl by weight in water. How much salt should you add to the 5.0L to prepare?
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To determine how much salt you should add to prepare a 5.0L solution that is 38.8% NaCl by weight in water, you need to understand the concept of percent composition and how to calculate it.
Percent composition is the percentage of a particular component in a given mixture by weight. In this case, you want to prepare a solution with 38.8% NaCl by weight.
To calculate the amount of salt (NaCl) needed, you can follow these steps:
Step 1: Convert the desired percentage into a decimal.
Percentage = 38.8%
Decimal = Percentage / 100 = 38.8 / 100 = 0.388
Step 2: Determine the mass of the pure solvent (water), which is 5.0L. The density of water is approximately 1g/mL, so 5.0L of water is equivalent to 5000g (since 1L = 1000mL and 1mL of water is approximately 1g).
Step 3: Calculate the mass of the solute (salt) needed using the percent composition formula.
Mass of solute (salt) = Decimal * Mass of solvent (water)
Mass of solute (salt) = 0.388 * 5000g
Step 4: Calculate the answer.
Mass of solute (salt) = 1940g
Therefore, you should add approximately 1940g of salt to the 5.0L of water to prepare a 5.0L solution that is 38.8% NaCl by weight.