Which experimental approach would be most effective and easiest to clearly determine the evolutionary relationship between these two organisms?
a. sequence the same gene in both species to compare their similarity.
b. dissect specimens of both species to look for homologous structures.
c. search fossil databases to locate a common ancestor.
d. evaluate cells from both species to determine whether they contain enzymes.
I have two pictures; one of an orange starfish and another of a medium-sized green snake. I am having trouble deciding on this, but I think it is either A or B.
To determine the evolutionary relationship between two organisms, it is essential to examine their genetic similarities or study their anatomical features. In your case, you are comparing an orange starfish and a green snake. Let's evaluate the given experimental approaches:
a. Sequence the same gene in both species: This option involves comparing the genetic sequences of a specific gene in both organisms. This method, known as DNA sequencing, can provide information about their genetic similarity and potentially determine their evolutionary relationship. It requires obtaining DNA samples from both the starfish and snake, isolating the target gene, and sequencing it. By comparing the sequences, scientists can assess the degree of genetic similarity between the two organisms. Therefore, this approach can be effective.
b. Dissect specimens of both species: This option involves examining the anatomical structures of both organisms to identify homologous structures, which are similar structures derived from a common ancestor. By dissecting and comparing the organs, skeletal structures, or other physical features of the starfish and snake, we can determine if they possess any shared characteristics. Homologous structures suggest a close evolutionary relationship. This approach is also effective, as it can provide insights into the organisms' shared evolutionary history.
Based on your pictures, there is not enough information to determine which specific gene to sequence (option a). However, you can still choose option b and dissect the starfish and snake specimens to compare their anatomical structures. This will allow you to look for homologous structures, which can provide clues about their evolutionary relationship. Remember to analyze both external and internal structures to obtain a comprehensive understanding.
To summarize, option b (dissecting specimens of both species to look for homologous structures) would be the most effective and easiest approach to determine the evolutionary relationship between the orange starfish and the medium-sized green snake in your case.