A galvanic cell consists of an electrode composed of nickel in a 1.0 M nickel(II) ion solution and another electrode composed of silver in a 1.0 M silver ion solution, connected by a salt bridge. Calculate the standard potential for this cell at 25 °C. Standard reduction and oxidation potentials can be found here.
To calculate the standard potential for the galvanic cell, you need the standard reduction potentials for the individual half-reactions taking place at each electrode. The standard reduction potentials for various half-reactions can be found in standard tables known as reduction potentials or electrochemical series.
For the given galvanic cell, the oxidation half-reaction is occurring at the nickel electrode. The standard reduction potential for this half-reaction can be found in the table.
The reduction half-reaction is occurring at the silver electrode. Again, you can find the standard reduction potential for this half-reaction in the table.
Once you have the individual standard reduction potentials for both half-reactions, the standard potential for the galvanic cell can be calculated by subtracting the standard reduction potential of the oxidation half-reaction from the standard reduction potential of the reduction half-reaction.
Standard potential for the cell = Standard reduction potential of the reduction half-reaction - Standard reduction potential of the oxidation half-reaction.
By plugging in the values from the table, you can calculate the standard potential for this galvanic cell at 25 °C.
To find the standard potential for the galvanic cell, we need to use the standard reduction potentials for the nickel and silver half-reactions and apply the Nernst equation. Here are the steps to calculate the standard potential:
1. Write the balanced half-reactions for nickel and silver:
Nickel half-reaction: Ni2+(aq) + 2e- -> Ni(s)
Silver half-reaction: Ag+(aq) + e- -> Ag(s)
2. Look up the standard reduction potentials for nickel and silver from a reliable source. Let's assume the values are:
Standard reduction potential for nickel (Ni2+/Ni): -0.25 V
Standard reduction potential for silver (Ag+/Ag): +0.80 V
3. Since the nickel half-reaction involves the reduction of Ni2+, the standard reduction potential is -0.25 V. For the silver half-reaction, the standard reduction potential is +0.80 V.
4. The standard potential for the cell is the difference between the standard reduction potentials of the two half-reactions:
Standard potential = E°(Reduction) of Ag+ - E°(Reduction) of Ni2+
Standard potential = 0.80 V - (-0.25 V)
Standard potential = 1.05 V
5. The standard potential is at 25 °C, so we don't need to consider any temperature corrections since the standard potential is already temperature-compensated.
Therefore, the standard potential for this galvanic cell at 25 °C is 1.05 V.