How does the geographic location of a place impacts the way people live and work?

Do people in cold, Arctic regions live and work differently than those in tropical regions? What about the differences between the flat plains and mountainous regions? What about the difference between places with many valuable mineral resources or places with few mineral resources? Think about people who live inland versus those who live near the sea?

For instance, a young man told me yesterday that since he grew up in Iowa and Arizona, he saw no need to learn to swim.