If the yield from the reaction of acetic acid with isopentyl alcohol is 45% how many grams of isopentyl acetate are formed from 3.58g of acetic acid and 4.75g of isopentyl alcohol?

1. Write the equation and balance it.

2a. Convert 3.58 g acetic acid to moles. moles = grams/molar mass
2b. Convert 4.75 g isopentyl alcohol to mols. Same procedure.

3a. Using the coefficients in the balanced equation, convert moles acetic acid to moles of the product.
3b. Same procedure, convert moles isopentyl alcohol to moles of the product.
3c. It is likely that moles of the product will be different from 3a and 3b. Obviously, one of them is incorrect. The correct one in limiting reagent problem is ALWAYS the smaller one and the reagent providing that number is the limiting reagent.
4. Convert moles of the product from step 3c to grams. Grams = moles x molar mass.
5. The grams in step 4 is the theoretical yield (meaning that is what you would get if you had 100% efficiency. The problem states that the yield is 45%; therefore, multiply the theoretical yield by 0.45. That is the amount of the product at 45% yield.

To determine the grams of isopentyl acetate formed, we need to consider the yield of the reaction. The yield represents the percentage of the theoretical maximum amount of product that is actually obtained.

Step 1: Calculate the moles of acetic acid (CH3COOH)
To convert grams to moles, we use the molar mass of acetic acid (60.05 g/mol):
moles of acetic acid = mass of acetic acid / molar mass of acetic acid

moles of acetic acid = 3.58 g / 60.05 g/mol

Step 2: Calculate the moles of isopentyl alcohol (C5H11OH)
To convert grams to moles, we use the molar mass of isopentyl alcohol (88.15 g/mol):
moles of isopentyl alcohol = mass of isopentyl alcohol / molar mass of isopentyl alcohol

moles of isopentyl alcohol = 4.75 g / 88.15 g/mol

Step 3: Determine the limiting reactant
The limiting reactant is the one that is completely consumed first, limiting the amount of product formed. To find the limiting reactant, compare the number of moles of each reactant with the stoichiometric ratio of the reaction.

The balanced equation is:
CH3COOH + C5H11OH → CH3COOC5H11 + H2O

From the balanced equation, we can see that 1 mole of acetic acid reacts with 1 mole of isopentyl alcohol to produce 1 mole of isopentyl acetate.

Step 4: Calculate the moles of isopentyl acetate formed
The mole ratio from the balanced equation tells us that the number of moles of isopentyl acetate formed is equal to the number of moles of the limiting reactant.

moles of isopentyl acetate formed = moles of limiting reactant
- If acetic acid is the limiting reactant, moles of isopentyl acetate formed = moles of acetic acid
- If isopentyl alcohol is the limiting reactant, moles of isopentyl acetate formed = moles of isopentyl alcohol

Step 5: Calculate the grams of isopentyl acetate formed
To convert moles to grams, we use the molar mass of isopentyl acetate (130.19 g/mol):
grams of isopentyl acetate formed = moles of isopentyl acetate formed * molar mass of isopentyl acetate

grams of isopentyl acetate formed = moles of isopentyl acetate formed * 130.19 g/mol

Step 6: Calculate the yield
The yield is given as a percentage, so we need to calculate the yield by multiplying the grams of isopentyl acetate formed by the yield percentage.
yield = yield percentage / 100

Finally, calculate:
grams of isopentyl acetate formed = yield * grams of isopentyl acetate formed

Plug in the values and solve the equation to find the answer.