chi square for independence
1) my obtained value does not exceed the critical value, I will reject the alternate and accept the null. Do I state that the results is due to chance and there is no relationship between the variables.
Accepting the null hypothesis indicates that you believe any variations were due to chance. Unless you want to, you do not need to state that you conclude that the results were due to chance.
I hope this helps. Thanks for asking.
Make a thesis oon vikings.
How about this one?
Title: Exploring the Impact of Vikings on European History
Thesis Statement: The Vikings played a significant role in European history, leaving behind a rich legacy of cultural, economic, and social contributions that continue to influence modern society, making them one of the most fascinating and important groups of people in world history.
another!
Sure, how about this one:
Title: The Viking Age: A Cultural and Societal Evolution
Thesis Statement: The Viking Age was not only a period of exploration and conquest but also a time of cultural and societal evolution that shaped the foundations of modern-day Scandinavia, Great Britain, and other parts of Europe, as seen through the Vikings' advances in seafaring technology, agricultural practices, arts, and literature.
a better and longer one
Sure, here's a longer one:
Title: The Viking Era: Its Social, Economic, and Political Impact on Europe
Thesis Statement: The Viking era, spanning from the late 8th to the mid-11th century, was a crucial time in Europe's history that saw significant changes in society, economy, and politics, brought about by the Vikings' expansion, trade, and cultural exchange, underscoring their lasting impact on the continent.
During their expansion, Vikings pioneered seafaring and navigational techniques that allowed them to travel extensively and establish trade networks, leading to the growth of towns and ports in Europe's coastal regions. The Vikings' voyages also saw the creation of new political systems, empowering leaders to control territories using political alliances and military conquests.
The Viking Age was also marked by an evolution of social structure, with the introduction of the free men's council (Thing) as an alternative form of government based on consensus and democracy. This new system represented a significant break from the hierarchical and feudal traditions prevalent in most of Europe.
The Vikings were not only known for their warlike nature, but also for their artistic and cultural contributions, including their intricate metalwork, wood carvings, and sagas that explored themes of heroism, adventure, and mythology. Their language, Old Norse, and traditional ceremonies, such as Yule and Midsummer, continue to influence modern-day Scandinavia.
In conclusion, the Vikings' expansion, trade, and cultural exchanges created changes that left a lasting impact on Europe, the most significant being in the areas of economy, politics, and social organization, as well as cultural contributions that continue to influence contemporary culture in Scandinavian countries and beyond.
Bonjour!
Bonjour! Comment ça va? Comment puis-je vous aider aujourd'hui?
No, if your obtained chi-square value does not exceed the critical value, it means that there is not enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis. In this case, you do not state that the results are due to chance or that there is no relationship between the variables. Rather, you accept the null hypothesis, which typically states that there is no relationship or association between the variables being tested.
So, in simple terms, if your obtained chi-square value is not greater than the critical value, you would conclude that there is insufficient evidence to suggest a relationship between the variables being analyzed, based on the data at hand. However, it is important to note that this conclusion does not definitively prove the absence of a relationship; rather, it simply suggests that there is not enough evidence to support such a relationship.