why are RNA viruses much more deadly than DNA viruses?
Thank you for using the Jiskha Homework Help Forum. Biology is out of my field but here are some links on RNA & DNA viruses:
1. http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/V/Viruses.html
2. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_virus (DNA)
3. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA_virus (RNA)
RNA viruses are generally considered more deadly than DNA viruses due to several reasons:
1. Genetic instability: RNA viruses have a higher mutation rate compared to DNA viruses. This is because they lack proofreading mechanisms during replication, resulting in a higher accumulation of mutations. These mutations can lead to the generation of new viral strains with increased virulence or the ability to evade the host's immune response. This genetic instability makes it difficult to develop effective vaccines and antiviral drugs against RNA viruses.
2. Rapid replication: RNA viruses replicate faster than DNA viruses. They can produce large numbers of viral particles within a short period. This rapid replication allows RNA viruses to quickly overwhelm the host's immune defenses before the immune system can mount an effective response.
3. Narrow host range: Many RNA viruses have a narrow host range, meaning they can infect a specific species or even a specific cell type within a species. This specificity allows RNA viruses to establish infections in particular tissues or organs, causing severe damage in those specific areas.
4. Ability to recombine: RNA viruses have the ability to recombine with other RNA viruses or even with the host's genetic material. Recombination can lead to the generation of new viral strains with novel genetic combinations, potentially increasing their virulence or altering their host range.
To further explore these concepts, you can refer to the provided links on RNA and DNA viruses. These sources offer detailed information on the structure, replication, and characteristics of both types of viruses.