The Age of Enlightenment
Enlightening Thoughts
Thomas Hobbes and The Leviathan
Hobbes delves into the concept of the leviathan, a sea monster entrenched in theology and mythology, serving as a metaphor for the power of monarchs.
Monarchic Power Examination: Hobbes questioned the origin of monarchs' power, prompting a discussion on the need for a representative government that grants people a measure of power and equality in selecting their leaders.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau and the Social Contract
Another key Enlightenment thinker, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, challenges monarchical power dynamics in his work, The Social Contract.
Questioning Monarchical Power: Rousseau, echoing Hobbes, questioned the authority vested in monarchs and advocates for the people's right to choose their rulers.
Enlightenment Ideas and Monarchic Response
The Enlightenment ideas posed a direct threat to monarchs, leading to a reactionary tightening of control.
Monarchs' Defensive Measures: Faced with the challenge to their authority, several monarchs responded by increasing their grip on societal control.
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Jean-Jacques Rousseau argued that ___________.
monarchs should have total control over society
people should submit to the power of monarchies
people should have the right to choose their rulers