When resolving disputes between branches of government, what doctrine gives the Supreme Court authority?
The doctrine that gives the Supreme Court authority to resolve disputes between branches of government is called the "judicial review." This doctrine allows the Supreme Court to review the constitutionality of laws and actions taken by the executive and legislative branches of government. It gives the Court the power to interpret the Constitution and determine whether the actions of the other branches are in violation of its provisions.
The doctrine that gives the Supreme Court authority when resolving disputes between branches of government is known as the "separation of powers." This doctrine is derived from the U.S. Constitution, which establishes three separate branches of government: the executive branch (headed by the President), the legislative branch (consisting of Congress), and the judicial branch (led by the Supreme Court). The Supreme Court, as part of the judicial branch, has the responsibility to interpret the Constitution and ensure the separation of powers is maintained. Through this authority, the Court can settle disputes and determine the constitutionality of actions taken by the other branches of government.
When resolving disputes between branches of government, the doctrine that gives the Supreme Court authority is called the "Judicial Review" doctrine.
To understand how this doctrine works, first, we need to understand the system of checks and balances established by the U.S. Constitution. The Constitution created three branches of government: the legislative branch (Congress), the executive branch (President), and the judicial branch (Supreme Court). Each branch has distinct powers and serves as a check on the others to prevent any one branch from becoming too dominant.
The principle of Judicial Review is not explicitly stated in the Constitution but was established by the Supreme Court in the landmark case of Marbury v. Madison in 1803. In this case, the Court held that it has the power to review the constitutionality of acts of Congress and declare them invalid if they violate the Constitution.
So, when a dispute arises between branches of government, the Supreme Court can exercise its authority of Judicial Review to determine if the actions or laws of other branches are constitutional. If the Court finds that a law or action is unconstitutional, it can strike it down, effectively overruling the actions of other branches.
In summary, the doctrine of Judicial Review provides the Supreme Court with the authority to make final judgments on disputes between branches of government, ensuring that the actions of the other branches are consistent with the Constitution.