Analyze why Article III achieves the goal in the Preamble of establishing justice.
A. Article III establishes the role of the president.
B. Article III establishes the judicial branch of government.
C. Article III establishes the time and manner of elections.
D. Article III establishes the process of impeachment.
B. Article III establishes the judicial branch of government.
Article III of the United States Constitution establishes the judicial branch of the government, which is responsible for interpreting and applying the law. By establishing the judiciary, Article III provides a system through which justice can be administered fairly and impartially. The courts established by Article III ensure that laws are applied consistently and that individuals have a pathway to seek redress for their grievances. This promotes justice by ensuring that everyone is treated equally under the law and that disputes are resolved in a fair and unbiased manner.
Use the table to answer the question.
The legislative branch (Congress) can check the authority of the by
executive branch
rejecting treaties negotiated by the president
rejecting presidential appointments
not authorizing funds requested by the president
overriding a presidential veto
impeaching the president
rejecting presidential appointments to the courts
judicial branch
proposing Constitutional amendments to override a law declared unconstitutional through judicial review
impeaching federal judges and Supreme Court justices
Analyze the table. Which of the following is an example of the legislative branch checking the power of the executive branch?
A. Congress overrides a presidential veto of a bill passed by Congress.
B. Congress impeaches a federal judge.
C. Congress refuses to abide by a Supreme Court decision.
D. Congress issues pardons to convicted felons.
A. Congress overrides a presidential veto of a bill passed by Congress.
This example demonstrates the legislative branch (Congress) exercising its power to check the authority of the executive branch. When the president vetoes a bill passed by Congress, Congress can override that veto with a two-thirds majority vote in both the House of Representatives and the Senate. By overriding the president's veto, Congress asserts its legislative power and ensures that the bill becomes law, even against the president's objections. This represents a balance of power between the legislative and executive branches, with Congress having the ability to counteract the president's decision-making authority.
Which of the following describes the concept of federalism?
A. Federalism divides government power between national and state governments.
B. Federalism divides the powers between Congress and the Senate.
C. Federalism describes the requirement to desegregate schools.
D. Federalism describes the requirement for the separation of church and state.
A. Federalism divides government power between national and state governments.
Federalism is a concept in which governmental power is divided and shared between a central or national government and state governments. This division of power allows each level of government to have specific responsibilities and autonomy while working together under a shared system. In a federal system, the national government typically has authority over national defense, foreign policy, and interstate commerce, while state governments have authority over matters such as education, public safety, and local governance. This division of power helps to prevent the concentration of power in one centralized authority and allows for local autonomy and decision-making.
Which explains the monetary policy weakness in the Articles of Confederation?
A. The states were required to use the national currency.
B. The states were required to use the same currency.
C. The states had the authority to create and print their own currency.
D. The states were given options of what currency they could use.
C. The states had the authority to create and print their own currency.
The monetary policy weakness in the Articles of Confederation was that the states had the authority to create and print their own currency. This led to a lack of uniformity and stability in the currency system, as each state could essentially have its own form of currency. This made it difficult to conduct interstate trade and weakened the overall effectiveness of the monetary system. Additionally, the lack of a centralized authority overseeing the currency meant that there was no cohesive monetary policy to address economic issues and stabilize the value of the currency.
How did the commerce clause of the Constitution address the weaknesses created by the Articles of Confederation in trade?
A. It gave Congress the authority to regulate trade only among the states.
B. It gave Congress little authority to regulate trade among the states and foreign nations.
C. It gave Congress the authority to regulate trade among the states and foreign nations.
D. It gave Congress the authority to regulate trade only among foreign nations.
C. It gave Congress the authority to regulate trade among the states and foreign nations.
The commerce clause of the Constitution addressed the weaknesses created by the Articles of Confederation in trade by granting Congress the authority to regulate trade among the states and foreign nations. Under the Articles of Confederation, the lack of a centralized authority with the power to regulate interstate and international trade resulted in economic issues and disputes between states. With the commerce clause in the Constitution, Congress was given the power to establish a uniform system of trade regulations, ensuring that there would be consistency and fairness in commercial activities conducted within the United States and with other countries. This allowed for the development of a more cohesive and efficient economic system and helped to address the weaknesses and challenges created by the Articles of Confederation.
To analyze why Article III achieves the goal of establishing justice, we need to understand the different options provided.
A. Article III does not establish the role of the president. The role of the president is discussed in Article II of the U.S. Constitution, not Article III.
B. Article III establishes the judicial branch of government. This is an accurate statement. Article III outlines the structure, jurisdiction, and powers of the judicial branch, which includes the Supreme Court and other federal courts. By establishing this branch, Article III ensures that there is an independent body dedicated to interpreting and applying the law, which is essential for achieving justice.
C. Article III does not establish the time and manner of elections. The procedures for elections are addressed in Article I (for the House of Representatives and the Senate) and in Article II (for the President).
D. Article III does not establish the process of impeachment. The process of impeachment is detailed in Article I, Sections 2 and 3, and Article II, Section 4 of the Constitution.
So, the correct answer is B. Article III establishes the judicial branch of government, which plays a crucial role in achieving justice by ensuring the fair interpretation and application of the law.