an object falls through the air gaining speed as it falls. a person claims that this creates new energy, and so it breaks the law of conservation of energy. why is the person wrong?

The person is wrong because the object falling through the air is not creating new energy; rather, it is converting its potential energy (due to its initial height) into kinetic energy (due to its motion as it falls). This conversion of energy from one form to another is consistent with the law of conservation of energy, which states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or converted from one form to another.