Name and explain four basic rules of brainstorming, and also provide practical examples
related to classroom situations for each rule.
include the references
1. Defer judgment: Encourage participants to generate ideas without criticizing or evaluating them, allowing for creativity and innovation to flourish without fear of negative feedback.
Example in a classroom situation: During a brainstorming session for a science project, a student suggests using a non-traditional material for an experiment. Instead of immediately dismissing the idea, the teacher can acknowledge the input and build upon it to see if it can be integrated into the project.
2. Build on the ideas of others: Encourage participants to listen actively and consider how they can expand or improve upon the ideas presented by their peers.
Example in a classroom situation: In a group brainstorming session for a history presentation, one student proposes a timeline format for organizing the information. Another student can then suggest adding visuals or interactive elements to make the timeline more engaging and informative.
3. Encourage wild and unusual ideas: Emphasize the importance of thinking outside the box and exploring unconventional ideas that may spark creativity and inspiration.
Example in a classroom situation: For a literature project, students are brainstorming ideas for a modern-day adaptation of a classic novel. One student suggests setting the story in outer space, which leads to a discussion about how the characters and themes could be reimagined in a futuristic setting.
4. Aim for quantity: Encourage participants to generate as many ideas as possible without worrying about quality or feasibility, as this can lead to unexpected and innovative solutions.
Example in a classroom situation: When brainstorming solutions for reducing waste in the school cafeteria, students are asked to come up with a list of at least 20 ideas. This quantity-focused approach can lead to a diverse range of suggestions, some of which may be more practical than others but can still inspire new possibilities.
References:
- Osborn, A. F. (1953). Applied imagination: Principles and procedures of creative problem-solving. Scribner.
- Dweck, C. S. (2017). Mindset: Changing the way you think to fulfill your potential. Random House.