QUESTION 3
The terms “overweight” and “obesity” refer to body weight that is greater than what is considered normal or
healthy for a certain height. Being overweight is generally due to extra body fat. However, being overweight
may also be due to extra muscle, bone, or water. People who have obesity usually have too much body fat.
3.1 Discuss the possible causes of overweight and obesity. (10)
3.2 Discuss the main nutrients that we get from food and their main functions. (10)
3.3 Elaborate/ Explain why it is important for learners or individuals to eat a balanced diet. (5)
include references
3.1 Possible causes of overweight and obesity can be attributed to a combination of genetic, environmental, and behavioral factors. Genetic factors can play a role in an individual's tendency to gain weight, as certain genes may make it easier for some people to store excess fat. Environmental factors such as access to unhealthy food options, sedentary lifestyles, and socioeconomic status can also contribute to weight gain. Behavioral factors, such as poor eating habits, lack of physical activity, and stress eating can also play a significant role in causing overweight and obesity.
References:
- "Causes of Obesity." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes.html.
3.2 The main nutrients that we get from food are carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water. Carbohydrates are the body's main source of energy and can be found in foods like grains, fruits, and vegetables. Proteins are essential for building and repairing tissues and can be found in foods like meat, fish, and beans. Fats are important for energy storage and insulation and can be found in foods like nuts, seeds, and oils. Vitamins and minerals are essential for various bodily functions, such as immune system support and bone health. Water is crucial for hydration and helps with digestion and nutrient absorption.
References:
- Whitney, Eleanor Noss, and Rolfes, Sharon Rady. Understanding Nutrition. Cengage Learning, 2015.
3.3 Eating a balanced diet is important for learners or individuals for several reasons. A balanced diet ensures that the body receives all the necessary nutrients in the right proportions to maintain optimal health and well-being. A diet that lacks essential nutrients can lead to various health problems, including deficiencies, weight gain, and chronic diseases. By eating a variety of foods from different food groups, individuals can ensure that they are getting all the nutrients their bodies need to function properly. A balanced diet also helps to regulate energy levels, improve concentration and focus, and support overall physical and mental health.
References:
- “Why Is a Balanced Diet Important?” British Nutrition Foundation, https://www.nutrition.org.uk/nutritionscience/nutrients-food-and-ingredients/why-is-balance-diet-important.html.