in a very short paragraph answer the following question: how do macrophages find pathogens? , How do they eat pathogens? , How do cytotoxic T lymphocytes kill cells?
Macrophages find pathogens through a process called phagocytosis, where they use their receptors to detect foreign molecules on the surface of pathogens. Once the pathogens are detected, the macrophages engulf them by extending their cell membrane around the pathogen and forming a vesicle called a phagosome. To eat pathogens, the phagosome then combines with digestive enzymes to form a phagolysosome, wherein the pathogens are broken down and destroyed. On the other hand, cytotoxic T lymphocytes recognize and kill infected cells by identifying specific fragments of proteins, known as antigens, on the surface of the infected cells. Upon recognition, cytotoxic T lymphocytes release toxic molecules such as perforin and granzyme, which induce cell death by creating pores in the infected cell's membrane or activating enzymes that cause cellular apoptosis.
