What is a particular problem for protruded states?

Responses

1) the existence of an independent enclave in the state
2) the availability of infrastructure throughout the state
3) immediate effects of climate change
4) defense of the salient region

4) defense of the salient region

Protruded states, which have a narrow extension of territory, often face challenges in defending their salient region. This is because the protrusion may make it difficult to effectively protect or control the area, leaving it vulnerable to external threats or potential invasions. This problem can impact the stability and security of the state.