Happiness, sadness, and fear are the examples of _ emotions.

a: learned
b: primary
c: secondary
d: innate

b: primary

To determine the correct answer, we need to understand the types of emotions and categorize happiness, sadness, and fear accordingly.

Primary emotions are considered to be universal emotions that are innate and experienced across different cultures. They are often considered to be the foundational emotions from which other emotions arise. Examples of primary emotions include anger, happiness, fear, and sadness.

On the other hand, secondary emotions are emotional responses that develop through socialization, influenced by one's culture and environment. They are often more complex and are built upon primary emotions. Examples of secondary emotions include jealousy, guilt, and pride.

Since happiness, sadness, and fear are fundamental and universally experienced emotions, they fall under the category of primary emotions. Therefore, the correct answer is b: primary.