Active transport is a biological process that requires the movement of substances across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient. Unlike passive transport, which does not require energy, active transport uses cellular energy, usually in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), to transport molecules or ions from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration. Active transport is essential for maintaining proper cellular functioning and is involved in various physiological processes such as nutrient absorption, ion balance, and removal of waste products.
Active transport is a process by which cells move molecules or ions against their concentration gradient, from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration. This movement requires the expenditure of energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). Unlike passive transport, which relies on the natural movement of molecules along their concentration gradient, active transport allows cells to take in or expel substances against the concentration gradient to maintain specific internal conditions or perform specialized functions. It is essential for processes such as nutrient absorption, waste removal, and establishing electrochemical gradients across cell membranes.
