10. A client is disoriented to time and place and has impaired cognitive ability because of a severe traumatic brain injury due to an accident. Which are appropriate nursing interventions when administering nursing care to this client? Select all that apply. 1) Offer basic choices 2) Provide simple directions 3) Teach activities of daily living. 4) Explain in detail what is to be done. 5) Provide continuous support during a procedure
Appropriate nursing interventions when administering nursing care to a client with a severe traumatic brain injury include:
1) Offer basic choices - This allows the client to have some control and helps to promote independence.
2) Provide simple directions - Clear and concise instructions are easier for the client to understand and follow.
3) Teach activities of daily living - This helps to promote independence and provide the client with skills needed for self-care.
5) Provide continuous support during a procedure - This is important to help reduce anxiety and ensure the client's safety and comfort.
Therefore, the appropriate nursing interventions for this client would be to offer basic choices, provide simple directions, teach activities of daily living, and provide continuous support during a procedure.
If an injury reduces blood flow to the kidneys, which of the following will occur? Aldosterone secretion will increase. The amount of ADH in the blood will decrease . Obligatory water reabsorption will decrease. Sodium reabsorption will be inhibited . There will be systemic vasodilation
If an injury reduces blood flow to the kidneys, the following will occur:
1) Aldosterone secretion will increase - Aldosterone is a hormone that regulates sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys. When blood flow to the kidneys is reduced, aldosterone secretion generally increases to promote sodium reabsorption and water retention.
2) The amount of ADH in the blood will decrease - ADH (antidiuretic hormone) is responsible for regulating water reabsorption. When blood flow to the kidneys is reduced, the release of ADH usually decreases, leading to decreased water reabsorption and increased urine output.
3) Obligatory water reabsorption will decrease - Obligatory water reabsorption refers to the reabsorption of water that occurs passively along with solute reabsorption in the renal tubules. Reduced blood flow to the kidneys can impair this process, leading to decreased obligatory water reabsorption and increased urine output.
4) Sodium reabsorption will be inhibited - When blood flow to the kidneys is reduced, sodium reabsorption is generally inhibited. This is because reduced blood flow impairs the functioning of the renal tubules, which are responsible for the reabsorption of sodium.
5) There will be systemic vasodilation - Reduced blood flow to the kidneys can trigger a compensatory response in the body known as systemic vasodilation. This dilation of blood vessels throughout the body helps to increase blood flow to the kidneys and improve renal perfusion.
In summary, if an injury reduces blood flow to the kidneys, aldosterone secretion will increase, the amount of ADH in the blood will decrease, obligatory water reabsorption will decrease, sodium reabsorption will be inhibited, and there will be systemic vasodilation.
The appropriate nursing interventions when administering care to a client with a severe traumatic brain injury are:
1) Offer basic choices: Providing the client with simple choices can help empower them and maintain a sense of control.
2) Provide simple directions: Giving clear and concise instructions can help the client understand and follow along with the care provided.
3) Teach activities of daily living: Assisting the client in relearning or adapting to activities of daily living can help improve their independence and quality of life.
5) Provide continuous support during a procedure: Offering continuous support and reassurance during procedures can help alleviate anxiety and promote a sense of safety.
Therefore, the appropriate nursing interventions in this scenario are: 1) Offer basic choices, 2) Provide simple directions, 3) Teach activities of daily living, and 5) Provide continuous support during a procedure.
When caring for a client with a severe traumatic brain injury, it is important to implement appropriate nursing interventions to promote their safety, comfort, and overall well-being. Here are the suggested nursing interventions for this scenario:
1) Offer basic choices: Giving the client options to choose from can help them feel a sense of control and autonomy. For example, you can ask if they would like juice or water to drink.
2) Provide simple directions: Break down instructions into clear, concise steps. Use simple language and speak slowly to enhance understanding. For example, you can say, "Now we are going to take a shower. First, let's turn on the water."
3) Teach activities of daily living: Assist the client in relearning or adapting to perform essential self-care activities, such as brushing teeth, dressing, or feeding themselves. Use a step-by-step approach and provide repetition and reinforcement.
4) Explain in detail what is to be done: While it is important to use simple language, providing clear explanations can enhance the client's understanding and reduce confusion. However, keep in mind that excessive detail may overwhelm the client, so strike a balance.
5) Provide continuous support during a procedure: Clients with cognitive impairment may experience increased anxiety or confusion during procedures. Being present, offering reassurance, and providing continuous support can help alleviate their distress. For example, you can hold their hand and talk to them throughout the procedure.
Therefore, the appropriate nursing interventions for administering care to a client with a severe traumatic brain injury would be:
- Offer basic choices (Option 1)
- Provide simple directions (Option 2)
- Teach activities of daily living (Option 3)
- Explain in detail what is to be done (Option 4)
- Provide continuous support during a procedure (Option 5)
By implementing these interventions, you can help address the client's disorientation, impaired cognitive ability, and promote their overall recovery.