what is past participle
The past participle is a form of a verb that is used to indicate a completed action or state in the past. It is often formed by adding -ed to regular verbs, but irregular verbs have their own unique past participle forms. The past participle is commonly used in compound verb tenses such as the present perfect and the past perfect. Examples of past participles include "played," "taken," and "written."
What is present participle
The present participle is a form of a verb that ends in -ing and is used to indicate an ongoing action in the present, or a continuous action in the past or future. It can be used as a verb (e.g. "he is walking to the store"), or as a continued action parallel to another action (e.g. "while walking to the store, he saw a friend"). The present participle can also be used as an adjective to describe a noun (e.g. "a running track", "a barking dog").
The past participle is a form of a verb that is used to indicate a completed action or a state that happened in the past. In English, it is usually formed by adding "-ed" to the base form of regular verbs (e.g., walked, talked) or through irregular verb conjugations (e.g., eaten, taken).
To determine the past participle form of a regular verb, you take the base form of the verb and add "-ed" to the end. For example, the base form of the verb "walk" becomes "walked" in the past participle form. However, irregular verbs have unique past participle forms, and they do not follow a specific pattern.
Knowing the past participle of a verb is important because it is used in verb tenses such as the present perfect and past perfect tense. It is also used in passive voice constructions and as an adjective in certain contexts.