What is the difference between dipole-dipole interactions and dipole-induced dipole interactions?
1.) dipole-dipole interactions involve two non polar molecules. Dipole induced dipole interactions involve one polar molecule with a permanent dipole and one non-polar molecule.
2.) Dipole-dipole interactions involve two non-polar molecules. Dipole induced dipole interactions involve two polar molecules with permanent dipoles.
3.) dipole-dipole interactions involve two polar molecules with induced dipoles. Dipole induced dipole interactions involve two non-polar molecules.
4.) Dipole-dipole interactions involve two polar molecules with permanent dipoles. Dipole-induced interactions involve one polar and one non-polar molecule.
I thought it was the first option but it wasn't so now I believe it's number two.
1 and 2 can't be right because to have dipole-dipole you MUST HAVE two dipole attracting each other.
oh ok thank you. so would it be 4 because I think I remember reading that dipole induced interactions involve one polar and one non polar molecule
yes, very good.
The correct answer is option 4.) Dipole-dipole interactions involve two polar molecules with permanent dipoles. Dipole-induced dipole interactions involve one polar and one non-polar molecule.
To understand the difference, let's first define what a dipole is. A dipole is a separation of electric charge within a molecule, resulting in one end being slightly positive and the other end being slightly negative. This occurs when there is a significant difference in electronegativity between the atoms in a covalent bond.
Dipole-dipole interactions occur when two polar molecules with permanent dipoles interact with each other. The positive end of one molecule is attracted to the negative end of the other, creating a relatively strong electrostatic interaction. The strength of dipole-dipole interactions depends on the magnitude of the dipoles and the distance between the molecules.
On the other hand, dipole-induced dipole interactions occur when a polar molecule interacts with a non-polar molecule. The permanent dipole of the polar molecule induces a temporary dipole in the non-polar molecule by redistributing its electron cloud. This induced dipole in the non-polar molecule leads to an attraction between the oppositely charged ends of the two molecules.
So, in summary, dipole-dipole interactions involve two polar molecules with permanent dipoles, while dipole-induced dipole interactions involve one polar molecule with a permanent dipole interacting with a non-polar molecule.