1. Hydrogen gas combines with oxygen gas to yield water. if 15 g O2 is present in the reaction, compute how much water will be produced.
2. Ten (10)grams methane gas combines with oxygen gas to form water and carbon dioxide. How much water is produced from the given reaction?
3.Twenty (20) grams carbon monoxide reacts with oxygen gas to produce carbon dioxide. Compute how much carbon dioxide is produced.
4. Calcium Carbonate decomposes into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide on the given chemical reaction below. if 25 g of carbon dioxide is produced, how much calcium carbonate is present before the reaction?
5. The reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide yields water and sodium chloride. If the reaction produces 50 g sodium chloride, how much HCl is present in the reaction?
These are stoichiometry problems. All are done the same way. Here is the system. (Note: Technically there will be no H2O produced without H2 and it must be an excess of H2 if you want all of the oxygen to react. I think that's what the problem wants but it doesn't say that explicitly.
1. Write and balance the equation.
2H2 + O2 ==> 2H2O
2. Convert 15g O2 to mols. mols = grams/molar mass.
15/32 = about 0.5 mol but you can do it more accurately.
3. Using the coefficients in the balanced equation, convert mols O2 to mols H2O.
0.5 mols O2 x (2 mol H2O/1 mol O2) = about 1 mol H2O (again an estimate).
4. Now convert mols H2O to grams. g = mols x molar mass
1 mol H2O x (18 g H2O/1 mol H2O) = about 18 grams H2O (an estimate).
The same system works on the others.
hey thanks...
To solve these problems, we need to use the concept of stoichiometry, which involves balancing chemical equations and converting between the amounts of substances involved in a reaction. Here's how you can approach each problem:
1. The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
2H2 + O2 -> 2H2O
Since the ratio between O2 and H2O is 1:2, we can determine the amount of water produced by converting the given mass of O2 to moles, and then using the stoichiometric ratio.
First, calculate the number of moles of O2:
moles of O2 = mass of O2 / molar mass of O2
The molar mass of O2 is 32 g/mol, so:
moles of O2 = 15 g / 32 g/mol
Next, using the stoichiometric ratio of 2 moles of H2O for every mole of O2, we convert the moles of O2 to moles of H2O:
moles of H2O = moles of O2 * (2 moles of H2O / 1 mole of O2)
Finally, convert the moles of H2O to grams:
mass of H2O = moles of H2O * molar mass of H2O
2. The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
CH4 + 2O2 -> CO2 + 2H2O
Since the ratio between CH4 and H2O is 1:2, we can use a similar approach as in problem 1. Calculate the moles of CH4 from the given mass, then convert the moles of CH4 to moles of H2O using the stoichiometric ratio, and finally convert the moles of H2O to grams.
3. The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
2CO + O2 -> 2CO2
Since the ratio between CO and CO2 is 1:1, we can use a similar approach as before. Calculate the moles of CO from the given mass, then convert the moles of CO to moles of CO2 using the stoichiometric ratio, and finally convert the moles of CO2 to grams.
4. The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
CaCO3 -> CaO + CO2
The stoichiometric ratio between CaCO3 and CO2 is 1:1, so we can directly calculate the moles of CO2 from the given mass, and then convert the moles of CO2 to moles of CaCO3 using the stoichiometric ratio. Finally, convert the moles of CaCO3 to grams.
5. The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
HCl + NaOH -> H2O + NaCl
Since the ratio between HCl and NaCl is 1:1, we can calculate the moles of NaCl from the given mass, and then use the stoichiometric ratio to find the moles of HCl. Finally, convert the moles of HCl to grams.
In all these calculations, it's important to consider the balanced chemical equations and to use the correct molar masses for each substance involved.