10 definitions of what marketing is, the authors and year
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Read widely and take good notes.
Ten definitions date and the author
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Sure! Here are 10 definitions of what marketing is, along with the name of the authors and the year when the definitions were published:
1. "The management process responsible for identifying, anticipating, and satisfying customer requirements profitably." - The Chartered Institute of Marketing (CIM), 2009.
2. "The activities, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large." - American Marketing Association (AMA), 2007.
3. "The performance of business activities that direct the flow of goods and services from producers to consumers." - Philip Kotler, 1976.
4. "The science and art of exploring, creating, and delivering value to satisfy the needs of a target market at a profit." - Gary Armstrong and Philip Kotler, 2015.
5. "The process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion, and distribution of ideas, goods, and services to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organizational objectives." - Roger A. Kerin and Robert A. Peterson, 2007.
6. "The process of understanding customer needs and creating, communicating, and delivering value to satisfy those needs." - Jagdish N. Sheth and Rajendra S. Sisodia, 2009.
7. "Marketing is the total system of business activities designed to plan, price, promote, and distribute want-satisfying products and services to target markets for the purpose of achieving organizational objectives." - William M. Pride and O. C. Ferrell, 2014.
8. "Marketing consists of activities designed to generate and facilitate any exchanges intended to satisfy human needs or wants." - Stanton, Etzel, and Walker, 2010.
9. "The process of creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and managing relationships that benefit the organization and its stakeholders." - Dhruv Grewal and Michael Levy, 2015.
10. "Marketing is an ongoing process through which companies create value for customers and build strong customer relationships to capture value from customers in return." - Philip Kotler and Kevin Lane Keller, 2016.
Please note that these definitions represent a range of perspectives from different years and authors, highlighting the evolving nature of marketing over time.