while doing sentence pattern I'am unable to identify which is complement and object clearly.
I know that complement is the one which completes the sense of the sentence but for example
"floods cause destruction". in this sentence which is complement or object? why? explain .
There's a good explanation with examples here:
http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/objects.htm#complement
In your example, "destruction" is the direct object (aka, verb complement). It is not an object complement because it's not referring to a direct object; it IS the direct object. Do you see the difference?
In the sentence "Floods cause destruction," the word "destruction" is the complement, not the object.
To distinguish between a complement and an object, it is helpful to understand their roles in a sentence:
1. Object: An object is a noun or noun phrase that receives the action of a verb or that is affected by it. It can be a direct object or an indirect object.
- Example: "She bought a new car." Here, "a new car" is the direct object because it receives the action of the verb "bought."
2. Complement: A complement is a word or phrase that completes the meaning of a sentence by adding information about the subject or the object. It is typically linked to the subject or object by a linking verb.
- Example: "She is a doctor." Here, "a doctor" is the complement because it completes the meaning of the subject "she" and adds information.
In the sentence "Floods cause destruction," the word "cause" is a transitive verb, and "destruction" is the complement. The verb "cause" transfers the action to its complement, which adds information about what the floods do. In this case, "destruction" completes the meaning of the subject "floods." Therefore, "destruction" is the complement in this sentence, not the object.
To determine whether a word is a complement or an object, pay attention to the verb used and analyze how the word relates to it.