1000g of a 50%(mass percentage) nitric acid solution is to be dil ute to 20%(mass percentage) nitric acid solution.how many lit ers of water should be added to the starting solution?
Use the dilution formula.
%1 x soln1 = %2 x soln2
25ml
To solve this problem, we need to determine how much water should be added to a 50% nitric acid solution in order to obtain a 20% nitric acid solution.
Let's break down the problem into the given information:
- Starting solution: 1000g of a 50% nitric acid solution.
- Target solution: 20% nitric acid solution.
We can start by calculating the mass of nitric acid in the starting solution:
Mass of nitric acid in the starting solution = 50% * 1000g
= 0.50 * 1000g
= 500g
Next, we want to find out the total mass of the target solution. Since the concentration of nitric acid is 20%, the remaining mass will be due to water.
Total mass of the target solution = Mass of nitric acid / % concentration
= 500g / 20%
= 2500g
Now, let's calculate the mass of water needed. We subtract the mass of nitric acid in the starting solution from the total mass of the target solution:
Mass of water = Total mass - Mass of nitric acid
= 2500g - 500g
= 2000g
Finally, to convert the mass of water into liters, we need to know the density of water (which is approximately 1g/mL). We can use this ratio to convert grams to liters:
Volume of water = Mass of water / Density of water
= 2000g / 1g/mL
= 2000 mL
= 2000/1000 L
= 2 L
Therefore, in order to obtain a 20% nitric acid solution from a 50% nitric acid solution, you should add 2 liters of water to the starting solution.