Which Renaissance technique was used in this painting to make it look more realistic and three-dimensional

One technique used in this painting to make it look more realistic and three-dimensional is chiaroscuro. Chiaroscuro is the use of strong contrasts between light and dark to create the illusion of volume and depth in a two-dimensional artwork. This can be seen in the shading and highlighting of the figures and objects in the painting, creating a sense of form and dimensionality.